Advances in X-ray Tomography for Geomaterials

The contributions cover a wide range of topics, from fundamental characterization of material behavior to applications in geotechnical and geoenvironmental engineering. Recent advances of X-ray technology, hardware and software are also discussed. As such, this will be valuable reading for anyone interested in the application of X-ray CT to geomaterials from both fundamental and applied perspectives.

Foreword 13
J. Desrues, G. Viggiani, P. Besuelle

Keynote lectures 15

Micro-Characterization of Shearing in Granular Materials Using Computed Tomography 17
K.A. Alshibli, S.N. Batiste, S. Sture, M. Lankton

X-ray Micro CT for Studying Strain Localization in Clay Rocks under Triaxial Compression 35
P. Besuelle, G. Viggiani, N. Lenoir, J. Desrues, M. Bornert

Investigation of Engineering Properties of Man-made Composite Geo-materials with Micro-focus X-ray CT 53
Y. Kikuchi

X-ray Tomography as a Tool for Micromechanical Investigations of Cement and Mortar 79
E. N. Landis

X-ray Computed Tomography for Geotechnical Engineering 95
J. Otani

Methods and techniques 117

Numerically enhanced Microtomographic Imaging Method Using a Novel Ring Artefact Filter 119
D. Bernard, A. Chirazi

Synchrotron X-Ray microtomography: a Hig Resolution, Fast and Quantitative Tool for Rock Characterization 125
E. Boller, P. Cloetens, J. Baruchel, P. Tafforeau, O. Rozenbaum, J. Pourchez

Applications of X-Ray Computed Tomography (CT) in Engineering Geology 135
K. Gallmeister, R. Azzam

Accurate Three-dimensional Measurements of Features in Geological Materials from X-ray Computed Tomography Data 143
R. A. Ketcham

New submicro- and micro-CT set-up for NDT at the UGCT facility of the Ghent University (Belgium) 149
B. Masschaele, V. Cnudde, M. Dierick, J. Vlassenbroeck, L. Van Hoorebeke, P. Jacobs, P. Van Auwegem

Combination of Dual Energy Microfocus Computed Tomography and Petrography for Objective 3D Reservoir Characterization 155
K. Remeysen, R. Swennen

Optimising X-ray Computer Tomography Images with a CT-simulator 161
P. Van Marcke, R. Swennen

Octopus 8: A High Perfomrance Tomographic Reconstruction Package for X-ray Tube and Synchroton moci-CT 167
J. Vlassenbroeck, B. Masschaele, V. Cnudde, M. Dierick, K. Pieters, L. Van Hoorebeke, P. Jacobs 167

Fracture and localized deformation 175

Visualization of Failure Pattern Specimens Containing Surface Crack Using X-ray Computerized Tomography 177
K.T. Chau, R.C.K. Wong, R.H.C. Wong 177

Experimental Study of Compaction Bands in Diatomaceous Porous Rock 185
T. Kodaka, F. Oka, J. Otani, H. Kitahara, H. Ohta

X-ray imaging of compactant strain localization in sandstone 193
L. Louis, T.-F. Wong, P. Baud

Studies of Mechanisms Associated with Sand Production Using X Ray CT Scan 199
J. Santos, E. Vargas Jr., E. Barroso, J. Castro, C. Goncalves, E. Campos

The Application of X-ray Computed Tomography for Characterization of Surface Crack Networks in Bentonite-Sand Mixtures 207
T. Gebrenegus, M. Tuller, B. Muhunthan

Investigation of Crack Behavior on Cover Soils at Landfill using X-ray CT 213
T. Mukunoki, J. Otani, A. Maekawa, S. Camp, J.P. Gourc

Characterisation of Hydraulic Fractures in Limestones Using X-ray Microtomography 221
F. Renard, D. Bernard, J. Desrues, E. Plougonven, A. Ougier-Simonin

Characterization of Variable Aperture Rock Fractures Using X-ray Computer Tomography 229
W.M.S.B. Weerakone, R.C.K. Wong

Microscopic Analysis of Dynamic Loading-induced Fractures by Using Micro CT 237
M. Yokota, S.H. Cho, M. Ito, S. Owada, K. Kaneko

Micro structure 245

Measuring Local Strains in Sandstones under Stress with Micro-computed Tomography 247
A. Bauer, E. Verhulp, S. Schoofs

Visualization of Grain Motion inside a Triaxial Specimen by Micro X-ray CT at SPring-8 255
T. Matsushima, K. Uesugi, T. Nakano, A. Tsuchiyama

Quantifying Consolidation and Reordering in Natural Granular Media from Computed Tomography Images 263
A.H. Reed, K.E. Thompson, W. Zhang, C.S. Willson, K.B. Briggs

Grain Partitioning and its Applications 269
M. Saadatfar, A.P. Shepard, M.A. Knackstedt

Development of a Three-dimensional Fabric Analysis Method using Scanning Lines and its Applications for X-ray CT Image of Geomaterials 277
T. Takemura, M. Takahashi, M. Oda

Flow and diffusion 285

Study on Water Flow in Rock by Means of the Tracer-aided X-rays CT 287
D. Fukahori, Y. Saito, D. Morinaga, M. Ogata, K. Sugawara

X-Ray CT Observation and Near-Infrared Spectroscopic Measurement of Bentonite-Quartz Mixtures 293
C. Kawargi, Y. Nakamura, K. Kashiwaya, K. Kaneko, T. Yoneda

Accuracy of the Two Common Semi-Analytical Equations in Predicting Asphalt Permeability 301
M.E. Kutay, A.H. Aydilek

Development of X-ray CT Coreflood System for High Temperature Condition 309
H. Okabe, Y. Tsuchyia, K. Oseto, K. Okatsu

Visualization of 2D Diffusion Phenomena in Rock by Means of X-ray CT 315
A. Sato, D. Fukahori, K. Sugawara, A. Sawada, A. Takebe

Geoenvironmental issues 323

Hydraulic Properties of Aggregate-aggregate Contacts 325
A. Carminati, A. Kaestner, R. Hassanein, A. Koliji

Characterization of the Micro Organism Mobility in In-Situ Bioremediation 333
T. Hata, R. Kuwano, Y. Kikuchi

Experimental Study of Flow and Deformation in Aggregated Soils using Neutron Tomography 341
A. Koliji, A. Carminati, A. Kaestner, L. Vulliet, L. Laloui, H. Fluehler, P. Vontobel, R. Hassanein

A Rigid Registration Method for the Study of Microgeometry Evolution of Limestone during Dissolution by Acidic Water 349
E. Plougonven, D. Bernard

Engineering applications 355

X-ray Tomography in Compensation Grouting Research: Shape and Density of Injected Grout 357
A. Bezuijen, A.F. Van Tol

Evaluation of Cavity Generation in Soils subjected to Sewerage defects using X-ray CT 365
T. Mukunoki, J. Otani, S. Nonaka, T. Horii, R. Kuwano

Engineering Properties of Cement Treated Clay with Tire Chips 373
T. Nagatome, Y. Kikuchi, Y. Mitarai, J. Otani

Consolidants Influence on the Sandstones Capillarity. X-ray Study 381
A. Rodriguez-Rey, V.G. Ruiz de Argandeno, L. Calleja, L.M. Suarez del Rio, C. Celorio

Investigation of Interaction Behavior Between Soil and Face Bolts using X-ray CT 389
D. Takano, J. Otani, S. Fukushige, H.Natagani

Material characterization 397

X-ray CT Study of Mini-Fabrics of Organic Soils (Oostvaardersplassen) 399
X. Cheng, D. Ngan-Tillard

Extracting Particle Orientations from Three-dimensional Datasets using BLOB3D 407
A.S. Mote, R.A. Ketcham, W.P. Watson

Low Stress States in Triaxial Tests Observed using X-Ray Computed Tomography 415
D. Ngan-Tillard, X. Cheng, P. Moutinho

Spatial and Density Resolution in Microfocus X-ray CT, Applied to Studies of Microstructural Changes in Rocks with Increasing Hydrostatic Pressure 421
M. Takahashi, T. Takemura, H. Hirai, A. Murakoshi, M. Kato

Quantitative Analysis of Mortar Sample Evolution During Leaching 429
D. Bernard, N. Burlio, P. Cheng

Failure Structure of Red-Soils Modified by Fiber-Cement-Stabilized Method 435
H. Takahashi, M. Mori, K. Kumakura, K. Kotani, K. Kaneko

Evaluation of Water Cement Ratio of Hardened Concrete by X-ray CT Method 443
T. Temmyo, Y. Murakami, Y. Obara

Index of authors 451

Gioacchino Viggiani is Full Professor of Civil Engineering at Universite Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France. His Research interests include Strain Localization and Constitutive Modeling.

Pierre Besuelle has been research Associate Professor at CNRS, Grenoble, France since 2001. His research interests include Homogenous and Localized Deformation in Rocks, Advanced Testing and Models.