Global Change and Future Earth
The Geoscience Perspective
Special Publications of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics Series

Global Change and Future Earth is derived from the work of several programs of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG). It demonstrates how multi- and inter-disciplinary research outputs from the geoscience community can be applied to tackle the physical and societal impacts of climate change and contribute to the Future Earth programme of the International Council for Science. The volume brings together an international team of eminent researchers to provide authoritative reviews on the wide-ranging ramifications of climate change spanning eight key themes: planetary issues; geodetic issues; the Earth's fluid environment; regions of the Earth; urban environments; food security; and risk, safety and security; and climate change and global change. Covering the challenges faced by urban and rural areas, and in both developed and developing counties, this volume provides an important resource for a global audience of graduate students and researchers from a broad range of disciplines, as well as policy advisors and practitioners.

List of contributors; Preface; 1. International drivers to study climatic and environmental change: a challenge to scientific unions Tom Beer; 2. Future Earth and expected mega changes Serhat Sensoy, Mustafa Coskun, Necla Turkoglu and Ihsan Cicek; 3. Global change, space weather and climate Eigil Friis-Christensen; 4. Climate issues from the planetary perspective and insights for the Earth Athena Coustenis, Fred W. Taylor and Christina Plainaki; 5. Satellite remote sensing of hydrological change Alberto Montanari and Michael G. Sideris; 6. Geodetic observations as a monitor of climate change Tonie van Dam, Jianli Chen and Thierry Meyrath; 7. Future Earth and the cryosphere Ian Allison, Regine Hock, Matt A. King and Andrew N. Mackintosh; 8. Geographical research and Future Earth Michael E. Meadows; 9. Water security: integrating lessons learned for water quality, quantity and sustainability Elaine M. Faustman, Heidi Foth, Luis Schiesari, Julio Alejandro Navoni, Silvia Berlanga de Moraes Barros, Gisela de Aragão Umbuzeiro, Salmaan H. Inayat-Hussain and Marissa N. Smith; 10. Decadal coupled ocean-atmosphere interaction in North Atlantic and global warming hiatus Jianping Li, Cheng Sun and Ruiqiang Ding; 11. Sea level rise and Future Earth Anny Cazenave and Hindumathi Palanisamy; 12. Ocean circulation: knowns and unknowns Harry L. Bryden and Lawrence A. Mysak; 13. Asian groundwater perspectives on global change and Future Earth Makoto Taniguchi; 14. Africa's broken food systems: unravelling the hidden fortune under climate change Richard Munang and Robert Mgendi; 15. Nutrition, urban environments and Future Earth Godwin D. Ndossi and Keto E. Mshigeni; 16. Nutrition science and Future Earth: current nutritional policy dilemmas Mark L. Wahlqvist; 17. Air pollution and human health risk reduction: the case study of Delhi megacity, India R. B. Singh and Aakriti Grover; 18. Targeting research towards achieving food security in an era of climate change Bruce M. Campbell, D. Dinesh and Sophia Huyer; 19. The contribution of food engineering to achieve global food security Walter E. L. Spieß; 20. Supply chains and Future Earth Albert McGill; 21. The impact of global climate change on nutrition security: a multidimensional challenge Ibrahim Elmadfa and Alexa Leonie Meyer; 22. Marine systems, food security and Future Earth Elizabeth A. Fulton, Éva Plagányi, William Cheung, Julia Blanchard and Reg Watson; 23. Geophysical studies, natural hazards and climate change Jaime Urrutia-Fucugauchi and Ligia Pérez-Cruz; 24. Climatic consequences and agricultural impacts of nuclear conflicts Owen B. Toon, Alan Robock, Michael Mills, Lili Xia and Charles Bardeen; 25. Advancing spring flood risk reduction in the Arctic through interdisciplinary research and stakeholder collaborations Yekaterina Y. Kontar, Sarah F. Trainor, Tuyara N. Gavrilyeva, John C. Eichelberger and Nikita I. Tananaev; 26. Geohazard analysis for disaster risk reduction and sustainability Alik Ismail-Zadeh; 27. Geothermal energy and a Future Earth Ladislaus Rybach and Thomas Kohl; 28. Future Earth, climate change and global change: Future Earth's ocean Martin Visbeck and Anke Schneider; 29. Asia's sustainability challenges and Future Earth Tetsuzo Yasunari, Hein Mallee and Reiichiro Ishii; 30. Looking back to move forward: institutional capacity required by global governance changes Jane E. Rovins and Sarah Beaven; Index.

Tom Beer is the Chair of the IUGG Commission on Climatic and Environmental Change (CCEC). He is an expert on environmental risk management, including greenhouse gas and air quality issues and their application to transport and health. Past positions include being President of the Australia-New Zealand chapter of the Society for Risk Analysis and President of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG). He was part of the team that won the CSIRO chairman's medal in 2000. Having been a panel member and lead author he was sent a certificate of appreciation by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) when they were awarded half the Nobel Peace Prize in 2007.
Jianping Li is a professor at the State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology and the College of Global Change and Earth System Sciences (GCESS). He is also vice-chair of the IUGG Union Commission on Climatic and Environmental Change (CEC) and Executive Secretary General of the International Commission of Climate (ICCL). His research interests include climatic dynamics and predictability, monsoon, and annular modes. He is also co-editor of the title Dynamics and Predictability of Large-Scale, High-Impact Weather and Climate Event (Cambridge, 2016).
Keith Alverson is Director of the UNEP Environment International Environmental Technology Centre in Osaka, Japan. In the past he has served as Coordinator of the Freshwater, Land and Climate Branch of the Ecosystems Division of UN Environment in Nairobi, Kenya; Head of Ocean Observations and Services Section at the intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO in Paris, France; and Executive Director of the Past Global Changes Project in Bern, Switzerland. He is an elected at-large member of the executive committee of the International Association of Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics, Executive Secretary of the IUGG Union Commission on Climatic and Environmental Change, and past president of the Internation