Financial Market Complexity
Oxford Finance Series

Financial markets are a fascinating example of 'complexity in action': a real-world complex system whose evolution is dictated by the decisions of crowds of traders who are continually trying to win in a vast global 'game'. This book draws on recent ideas from the highly-topical science of complexity and complex systems, to address the following questions: how do financial markets behave? Why do financial markets behave in the way that they do? What can we do to minimize risk, given this behavior? Standard finance theory is built around several seemingly innocuous assumptions about market dynamics. This book shows how these assumptions can give misleading answers to crucially important practical problems such as minimizing financial risk, coping with extreme events such as crashes or drawdowns, and pricing derivatives. After discussing the background to the concept of complexity and the structure of financial markets in Chapter 1, Chapter 2 examines the assumptions upon which standard finance theory is built. Reality sets in whith Chapter 3, where data from two seemingly different markets are analyzed and certain universal features uncovered which cannot be explained within standard finance theory. Chapters 4 and 5 mark a significant departure from the philosophy of standard finance theory, being concerned with exploring microscopic models of markets which are faithful to real market microstructure yet, which also reproduce real-world features. Chapter 6 moves to the practical problem of how to quantify and hedge risk in real world markets. Chapter 7 discusses deterministic descriptions of market dynamics, incorporating the topics of chaos and the all-important phenomenon of market crashes.

1: Financial markets as complex systems, 2: Standard finance theory, 3: A complex walk down Wall Street, 4: Financial market models with global interactions, 5: Financial market models with local interactions, 6: Non-zero risk in the real world, 7: Deterministic dynamics, chaos and crashes

Neil F. Johnson njohnson@physics.ox.ac.uk Clarendon Laboratory Parks Road Oxford OX1 3PU 01865 272287 fax 0870 1344065 Paul Jefferies p.jefferies@physics.ox.ac.uk Department of Physics Lincoln College Oxford OX1 3DR UK Pak Ming Hui Room 209 2nd Floor Science Centre North Block The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, Hong Kong