Composite Materials (3^rd Ed.)
Design and Applications

Considered to have contributed greatly to the pre-sizing of composite structures, Composite Materials: Design and Applications is a popular reference book for designers of heavily loaded composite parts. Fully updated to mirror the exponential growth and development of composites, this third edition contains all-new coverage of nanocomposites and biocomposites. Reflects the latest manufacturing processes and applications in the aerospace, automotive, naval, wind turbine, and sporting goods industries.

Provides a design method to define composite multilayered plates under loading, along with all numerical information needed for implementation. Proposes original study of composite beams of any section shapes and thick-laminated composite plates, leading to technical formulations that are not found in the literature. Features numerous examples of the pre-sizing of composite parts, processed from industrial cases and reworked to highlight key information. Includes test cases for the validation of computer software using finite elements. Consisting of three main parts, plus a fourth on applications, Composite Materials: Design and Applications, Third Edition features a technical level that rises in difficulty as the text progresses, yet each part still can be explored independently. While the heart of the book, devoted to the methodical pre-design of structural parts, retains its original character, the contents have been significantly rewritten, restructured, and expanded to better illustrate the types of challenges encountered in modern engineering practice.

Preface

Acknowledgments

Author

What Is a Composite Material?

Fibers and Matrices

What Can Be Made Using Composite Materials?

A Typical Example of Interest

Some Examples of Classical Design Replaced by Composite Solutions

Main Physical Properties

Molding Processes

Other Forming Processes

Practical Considerations on Manufacturing Processes

Isotropy and Anisotropy

Characteristics of the Reinforcement/Matrix Mixture

Unidirectional Ply

Woven Ply

Mats and Reinforced Matrices

Multidimensional Fabrics

Metal Matrix Composites

Biocomposite Materials

Nanocomposite Materials

Tests

What Is a Sandwich Structure?

Simplified Flexure

Some Special Features of Sandwich Structures

Manufacturing and Design Problems

Nondestructive Inspection

Drawing a Composite Part

Laminate

Failure of Laminates

Presizing of the Laminate

Riveting and Bolting

Bonding

Inserts

Aircraft

Helicopters

Airplane Propellers

Aircraft Reaction Engine

Space Applications

Comparative Importance of Composites in Applications

Composite Materials and Automotive Industry

Wind Turbines

Composites and Shipbuilding

Sports and Leisure

Diverse Applications

Anisotropic Elastic Medium

Some Reminders

Orthotropic Material

Transversely Isotropic Material

Longitudinal Modulus E_ℓ

Poisson Coefficient

Transverse Modulus E_t

Shear Modulus G_ℓt

Thermoelastic Properties

Flexibility Coefficients

Stiffness Coefficients

Case of Thermomechanical Loading

Laminate with Midplane Symmetry

Laminate without Midplane Symmetry

Elastic Coefficients

Elastic Coefficients for an Orthotropic Material

Elastic Coefficients for a Transverse Isotropic Material

Case of a Ply

Damage in Composite Parts

Form of a Failure Criterion

Tsai–Hill Failure Criterion

Bending of Beams with Isotropic Phases and Plane of Symmetry

Case of Beams of Any Cross Section (Asymmetric)

Uniform Torsion

Location of the Torsion Center

Preliminary Remarks

Displacement Field

Strains

Constitutive Equations

Equilibrium Relationships

Technical Formulation for Bending

Examples

Applications Level 1

Simply Supported Sandwich Beam

Poisson Coefficient of a Unidirectional Layer

Helicopter Blade

Drive Shaft for Trucks

Flywheel in Carbon/Epoxy

Wing Tip Made of Carbon/Epoxy

Carbon Fiber Coated with Nickel

Tube Made of Glass/Epoxy under Pressure

Filament-Wound Pressure Vessel: Winding Angle

Filament-Wound Pressure Vessel: Consideration of Openings in the Bottom Heads

Determination of Fiber Volume Fraction by Pyrolysis

Reversing Lever Made of Carbon/PEEK (Unidirectional and Short Fibers)

Glass/Resin Telegraph Pole

Unidirectional Layer of HR Carbon

Manipulator Arm for a Space Shuttle

Sandwich Beam: Simplified Calculation of the Shear Coefficient

Procedure for a Laminate Calculation Program

Kevlar/Epoxy Laminates: Stiffness in Terms of the Direction of Load

Residual Thermal Stress due to the Laminate Curing Process

Thermoelastic Behavior of a Glass/Polyester Tube

Creep of a Polymeric Tube Reinforced by Filament Wound under Thermal Stress

First-Ply Failure of a Laminate: Ultimate Strength

Optimum Laminate for Isotropic Plane Stress

Laminate Made of Identical Layers of Balanced Fabric

Carbon/Epoxy Wing Spar

Elastic Constants of a Carbon/Epoxy Unidirectional Layer, Based on Tensile Test

Sailboat Hull in Glass/Polyester

Balanced Fabric Ply: Determination of the In-Plane Shear Modulus

Quasi-Isotropic Laminate

Pure Torsion of Orthotropic Plate

Plate Made by Resin Transfer Molding

Thermoelastic Behavior of a Balanced Fabric Ply

Cylindrical Bonding

Double-Lap Bonded Joint

Composite Beam with Two Layers

Buckling of a Sandwich Beam

Shear due to Bending in a Sandwich Beam

Shear due to Bending in a Composite Box Beam

Torsion Center of a Composite U-Beam

Shear due to Bending in a Composite I-Beam

Polymeric Column Reinforced by Filament-Wound Fiberglass

Cylindrical Bending of a Thick Orthotropic Plate under Uniform Loading

Bending of a Sandwich Plate

Bending Vibration of a Sandwich Beam

Bibliography

Index

Daniel Gay has led the Laboratoire de Génie Mécanique de Toulouse, now the Institut Clément Ader, from its inception for over 15 years. A former student of the École Normale Supérieure de Cachan, Dr. Gay has authored numerous articles, scientific publications, and industrial reports on composite materials and structures. He has taught at undergraduate, graduate, and postgraduate levels in many schools and institutions, including the Université Paul Sabatier – Toulouse III (UPS), Instituts Universitaires de Technologie (IUT), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), École Nationale Supérieure de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE), and École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées (ENSTA).