Advances in European Geothermal Research, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1980
Proceedings of the Second International Seminar on the Results of EC Geothermal Energy Research, held in Strasbourg, 4–6 March 1980

The first crisis in energy prices was undoubtedly a strong stimulus for the involvement of the Commission of the European Communities in research and development on alternative energy sources. Indeed, the need to overcome difficulties faced by the Community as a whole, particularly those resulting from its severely unbalanced energy supply, made a common Community approach seem especially apt. This reasoning also applies to energy R&D, bearing in mind that responses to the crisis should be not only political or economic, but also scientific. Four years have passed since the decision of the Council of Ministers to launch the first Community Energy Research and Development Programme, dealing with geothermal energy, solar energy, hydrogen production and utili­ sation, energy conservation and energy systems analysis. A seminar on geo­ thermal energy was held two years ago to report on work in progress at the half-way stage of the four-year programme. The second international seminar, reported in this volume, was arrang­ ed so as to provide an opportunity to examine the final outcome of this Community investment in research in geothermal energy. This proceedings volume therefore has two main aims: - to present an evaluation of the results of the Community geothermal programme, by means of 83 formal reports describing the individual research programmes; - to show how the Community research programme fits into the overall context of national and international research on geothermal energy, by including the presentations of six guest speakers who introduced the sessions and gave keynote addresses.

Opening session.- Opening Address.- Opening Address.- Geothermal Research in the European Community Objectives and Reality.- Keynote Speech.- Session I: Regional Exploration — Reservoir Assessment.- Geothermal Synthesis of the Upper Rhinegraben.- Neotectonics and the Geothermal Anomalies in the Rhinegraben.- Determination of Thermal Conductivity and Diffusivity of Rhinegraben-Sediments with a New Ring Source Device.- Numerical Calculations of Strong Temperature Gradients at Interfaces of Horizontally Stratified Sediments.- Geothermal Anomalies in the Rhinegraben Sediments and Their Explanation by Uprising Deep Groundwater from the Crystalline Basement.- Contribution of Magnetism and Gravimetry to the Knowledge of the Antepermian Basement in the Rhinegraben Applications to Geothermy..- Preliminary Assessment of the Geothermal Potential of the United Kingdom.- Geothermal Potential of Late Quaternary East Eifel Volcanic Field.- Geothermics in Hainaut (Belgium).- Geothermal Evaluation of the Triassic Reservoirs of the Paris Basin.- The Evaluation of a Preliminary Geothermal Model for the Phlegraean Fields Volcanic Area (Italy).- Integrated Geothermal Reconnaissance of the Somma-Vesuvius System.- Prospection Geothermique Integree dans le Massif du Mont Dore.- Geothermal Survey of the South-East Margin of the French Massif-Central.- Geothermal Exploitation in Greece.- A Geological and Geothermal Approach of the Pavin Area, Southern Chaine des Puys (France).- Session II — Local Exploration — Drilling.- Deep Investigation of the Geothermal Anomaly of Urach.- Latera Exploratory Well (Northern Latium) Italy.- Operation Geothermie a Strasbourg-Cronenbourg.- Demonstration Project: Couple of Wells for Geothermal Space Heating in Metanopoli, Milano.- Demonstration Project: Evaluation of the Mofete High Enthalpy Reservoir (Phlegrean Fields).- Deep Exploration in Larderello Field: Sasso Drilling Venture.- Session III — Geochemistry.- Hydrogeology and Geochemistry of the Thermal Springs of South-West Tuscany.- Origin and Circulation of Thermal Waters in the Upper Rhinegraben: A Chemical and Stable Isotope Study.- Refinements in the Use of Chemical Geothermometers Application to the Plombieres System (France).- Geochemical Survey of Shallow Ground Water Wells in Denmark.- Geochemistry of Thermal Water in the Mont-Dore Area.- Evaluation of Reservoir Temperatures in Tuscany by Application of a Gas-Geothermometer.- Fluid-Rock Interaction in Geothermal Energy Recovery.- Geothermal Applications of the Geochemical Study of Hot Springs in Eastern Pyrenees.- Trace Element Geochemistry in Thermal Waters from Plombieres and Bains (Vosges).- Geochemical Sampling and Analysis of Geothermal Fluids in Sedimentary Basins.- Investigation of Thermal and Mineral Springs in the Eifel Mountains Regarding Geothermal Indications.- Some Remarks on the Application of Geochemical Techniques in Geothermal Exploration.- Session IV — Temperature, Heat Flow, Downhole Instrumentation.- Heat Flow Pattern of the United Kingdom.- Exploration and Interpretation of the SW England Geothermal Anomaly.- Terrestrial Heat Flow in France.- A Critical Study of Heat Flow Data in France.- Geothermal Trends of Denmark.- The Shallow Subsurface Temperature Field in The Netherlands.- Temperature and Heat Flow Patterns of Italy.- Harmonic Pick-up: Preliminary Mathematical Model for Interpretation.- The Perfecting of a Harmonic Pick-up for the Simultaneous Detection of the Thickness and Extent of a Fracture Crossed by a Boring.- In Situ Determination of Thermal Conductivity in Cased Drill Holes.- Design and Testing of Down Hole Probes for Operation in Deep and Hot Environments.- Direct Heat Flow Measurement Probe Project.- An In-Situ Thermal Conductivity Probe.- Session V — Geophysics I — Active and Passive Seismics.- Seismological Investigations in Urach.- Structural Study of the Urach Area by Deep Refraction Seismics.- Combined Reflection and Refraction Measurements for Investigating the Geothermal Anomaly of Urach.- Seismic Studies for the Determination of the Crustal Structure in the Area of the Geothermal Anomaly in Tuscany.- VpVg Ratio and Its Changes in the Travale Geothermal Field.- Identification of D Bodies by Moho Reflected Waves Application to the Mont Dore Area.- Etudes Sismiques sur la Caldera du Mont Dore.- Investigation of the Microseismic Noise of the Geothermal Anomaly at Torre Alfina (Italy).- How Can Seismics, Especially Active, Assist in Geothermal Energy Utilization.- Session VI — Exploitation Of Geothermal Resources.- Actual Situation and Future Program of Geothermal Developments in Mexico.- Heat and Mass Transfer with Phase Conversion in Porous Media Application to Geothermal Reservoir Simulation.- A Thermogravimetric Loop for Converting Low Enthalpy Geothermal Energy into Electricity.- Lifetime Optimization of Low Enthalpy Geothermal Doublets.- Influence of Stratified Heterogenities of Permeability on the Life Span of a Geothermal Doublet.- Experimental Studies of Rock-Water Interactions Occuring During the Circulation of a Geothermal Doublet in a Carbonate Environment.- In Situ Determination of the Hydrothermal Properties of a Deep Fractured Medium by a Single Well Technique.- Well Testing of Low to Very Low Permeability Fractured Media — A Review.- Results of the New Geothermal Domestic Heating System at Creil.- Optimisation d’un Chauffage Géothermique en Fonction des Diverses Conditions Climatiques.- Study and Optimization of a High Efficiency Convector Adapted for the Use of Geothermal Low Temperature Water.- Technical and Economie Feasibility of Low Enthalpy Geothermal Projects in the E.E.C..- Session VII — Geophysics II — Electrics, Magnetics and Electromagnetics.- Application of D.C. Dipolar Methods in the Upper Rhinegraben.- Dipole-Dipole Studyd of the Travale Geothermal Field.- Distribution of Electrical Conductivity in Crust and Upper Mantle in the Area of the Geothermal Anomaly of Tuscany/Italy.- Three-Dimensional Resistivity Modelling by the Integral Equation Method.- Magnetic Survey in the Travale Geothermal Field, Italy.- Use of the Differential Magnetic Sounding for Studying the Geothermal Potential Resources of the Rhinegraben.- Magnetovariational and Magnetotelluric Soundings in Rheingraben and Schwarzwald.- Magnetotelluric Survey of the Lake Laach (Eifel) Volcanic Area.- Magnetotelluric Measurements and Geomagnetic Depth Sounding in the Area of the Urach Geothermal Anomaly.- Some Results of Very Low Frequency Magneto-Telluric Survey in the Mont Dore Area (MI EX and Harmonic Solutions).- Magnetotelluric Prospection of the Mont Dore Area.- Hydraulic Fracturing of Hot Dry Rocks. Tridimensional Studies of Cracks Propagation and Interaction by Photoelastic Methods.- Session VIII — Hot Dry Rocks.- Scale Models Studies of Well Linking by Hydraulic Fracturing and Fatigue Microfracturing.- Microsismic and Acoustic Activity Associated with Hydraulic Fracture Propagation.- Permeability Stimulation of Crystalline Rocks by Chemical Leaching.- Heat Fracturing Physical Model.- Erfahrungen mit Frac-behandlungen in Tiefen, Geringpermeablen Gaslagerstätten.- The Enhancement of the Permeability of Granite by Explosive and Hydraulic Fracturing.- Analysis of Hydraulic Fracture Propagation a Field Experimentation.- Investigations on an Artificially Created Frac in a Shallow and Low Permeable Environment.