Comprehensive Treatise of Electrochemistry, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1981
Electrochemical Processing
Comprehensive Treatise of Electrochemistry Series, Vol. 2

It is now time for a comprehensive treatise to look at the whole field of electrochemistry. The present treatise was conceived in 1974, and the earliest invitations to authors for contributions were made in 1975. The completion of the early volumes has been delayed by various factors. There has been no attempt to make each article emphasize the most recent situation at the expense of an overall statement of the modern view. This treatise is not a collection of articles from Recent Advances in Electrochemistry or Modern Aspects of Electrochemistry. It is an attempt at making a mature statement about the present position in the vast area of what is best looked at as a new interdisciplinary field. Texas A & M University J. O'M. Bockris University of Ottawa B. E. Conway Case Western Reserve University Ernest Yeager & M University Texas A Ralph E. White Preface to Volume 2 This volume brings together some dozen processes well known to the electro­ chemist and treats them according to their various degrees of importance. The production of hydrogen is one of the more important processes, particularly with respect to the prospects of a hydrogen economy. No one would doubt, however, that the most commercially important electrochemical processes at the present time are the production of aluminum and of chlorine. Each of these processes has a separate chapter devoted to it.

1. Electrolytic Production of Hydrogen.- 1. Rationale for Electrolytic Production of Hydrogen.- 2. General Aspects of Water Electrolysis Technology.- 3. Alkaline Water Electrolyzers.- 4. Solid Polymer Electrolyte (SPE) Water Electrolyzers.- 5. Economics of Hydrogen Production.- 6. Futuristic Concepts for Electrolytic Production of Hydrogen.- 7. Heavy Water—A Useful By-Product.- References.- 2. Production of Chlorine.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Historical Survey.- 3. Electrolytic Decomposition of Sodium Chloride.- 4. Cell Components.- 5. Cell Technology.- 6. Chloralkali Plant Auxiliaries.- 7. Future Trends.- References.- 3. Inorganic Electrosynthesis.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Chlorate.- 3. Hypochlorite.- 4. Perchloric Acid and Perchlorate.- 5. Bromate.- 6. Iodate and Periodate.- 7. Peroxodisulfate.- 8. Hydrogen Peroxide.- 9. Perborate.- 10. Permanganate.- 11. Chromic Acid.- 12. Sodium Sulfate Electrolysis.- Auxiliary Notation.- References.- 4. Electro-Organic Syntheses.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Direct Electrochemical Oxidation and Reduction of Organic Molecules.- 3. Mediated Electrochemical Conversion of Organic Substrates.- 4. Semitechnical and Technical Electrochemical Organic Synthesis.- References.- 5. Electrometallurgy of Aluminum.- 1. Hall-Heroult Cell for Alumina Reduction.- 2. Electrolyte.- 3. Electrode Reactions.- 4. Current Efficiency.- 5. Energy Considerations.- 6. Electromagnetic Effects.- 7. Producing High-Purity Aluminum.- 8. Electrolysis of Aluminum Chloride.- References.- 6. Electrolytic Refining and Winning of Metals.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Electrochemical Principles of Electrorefining and Electrowinning.- 3. Technological Principles of Refining and Electrowinning.- 4. Operating Practices.- References.- 7. Electroplating.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Present-DayTechnology of Electroplating with Metals.- 3. Electrolytically Produced Metallic and Nonmetallic Layers.- 4. Electroforming.- 5. Solutions Used in Electroplating.- 6. Alloy Plating.- 7. Properties of Deposits.- 8. Inhibitors.- 9. Throwing Power.- 10. Leveling.- 11. Further Work on Alloys.- 12. Effect of Complexing.- 13. Summary.- Suggested Reading.- References.- 8. Electrochemical Machining.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Corrosion Process Fundamentals.- 3. Electropolishing.- 4. Jet Etching.- 5. Electrochemical Grinding.- 6. Principles of Electrochemical Machining.- 7. Electrochemical Machining Operations.- 8. The Electrochemistry of Electrochemical Machining.- 9. Electrochemical Machining Applications.- Auxiliary Notation.- References.- 9. Theory of the Structure of lonomeric Membranes.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Cluster Formation Model.- 3. Cluster Property Model.- 4. Summary.- References.- 10. Electrodeposition of Paint.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Historical Development.- 3. Anodic EDP Process.- 4. Cathodic EDP Process.- 5. Deposition of Dispersions and Latices.- 6. Chemistry of Resins and of the Bath.- 7. Pretreatment of the Substrate.- 8. Practical Aspects of the EDP Process.- 9. Follow-Up Steps after Electrodeposition.- 10. Electrochemical Alternative Processes.- References.- 11. Mineral Flotation.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Adhesion of Particles to Gas Bubbles.- 3. Flotation of Oxide Minerals.- 4. Flotation of Sulfide Minerals.- References.