Landslides
Types, Mechanisms and Modeling

Landslides have geological causes but can be triggered by natural processes (rainfall, snowmelt, erosion and earthquakes) or by human actions such as agriculture and construction. Research aimed at better understanding slope stability and failure has accelerated in recent years, accompanied by basic field research and numerical modeling of slope failure processes, mechanisms of debris movement, and landslide causes and triggers. Written by seventy-five world-leading researchers and practitioners, this book provides a state-of-the-art summary of landslide science. It features both field geology and engineering approaches, as well as modeling of slope failure and run-out using a variety of numerical codes. It is illustrated with international case studies integrating geological, geotechnical and remote sensing studies, and includes recent slope investigations in North America, Europe and Asia. This is an essential reference for researchers and graduate students in geomorphology, engineering geology, geotechnical engineering and geophysics, as well as professionals in natural hazard analysis.

List of contributors; Preface John J. Clague and Douglas Stead; 1. Landslide hazard and risk John J. Clague and Nick Roberts; 2. Landslides in the Earth system Oliver Korup; 3. Earthquake ground motion and patterns of seismically induced landsliding Niels Hovius and Patrick Meunier; 4. Landslides at stratovolcanoes initiated by volcanic unrest Christopher F. Waythomas; 5. Mobility of long-runout rock avalanches Tim Davies and Mauri McSaveney; 6. Rapid rock slope failures Reginald L. Hermanns and Oddvar Longva; 7. Risk assessment for debris flows Matthias Jakob and Kris Holm; 8. Landslides in quick clay J. Kenneth Torrance; 9. Controls on the distribution of major types of submarine landslides David J. W. Piper, David C. Mosher and D. Calvin Campbell; 10. Tsunami hazard assessment related to slope failures in coastal waters Brian D. Bornhold and Richard E. Thomson; 11. Physical impacts of climate change on landslide occurrence and related adaptation Christian Huggel, N. Khabarov, Oliver Korup and M. Obersteinter; 12. Landslides and geological environments Robin Fell, David Stapledon and Patrick MacGregor; 13. Numerical modeling of rock slope instability Douglas Stead and John Coggan; 14. Remote sensing techniques and landslides David Petley; 15. Engineering geomorphology of landslides James S. Griffiths and Malcolm Whitworth; 16. Developments in landslide runout prediction Scott McDougall, Mika McKinnon and Oldrich Hungr; 17. Models of the triggering of landslides during earthquakes Randall W. Jibson; 18. Slow rock slope deformation Federico Agliardi, Giovanni B. Crosta and Paolo Frattini; 19. Landslide monitoring: the role of investigative monitoring to improve understanding and early warning of failure Erik Eberhardt; 20. Groundwater in slopes Luciano Picarelli, S. Leroueil, L. Olivares, L. Pagano, P. Tommasi and G. Urciuoli; 21. Soil slope stabilization Edward N. Bromhead, Seyyedmahdi Hosseyni and Nobuyuki Torii; 22. Rock fall characterization and modeling Paolo Frattini, Giovanni B. Crosta and Federico Agliardi; 23. The 2006 Eiger rockslide, European Alps Michel Jaboyedoff, Marc-Henri Derron, Julien Jakubowski, Thierry Oppikofer and Andrea Pedrazzini; 24. Randa: kinematics and driving mechanisms of a large complex rockslide Simon Loew, V. Gischig, H. Willenberg, A. Alpiger and J. R. Moore; 25. Characterization and management of rockslide hazard at Turtle Mountain, Alberta, Canada Corey R. Froese, Marie Charrière, Florian Humair, Michel Jaboyedoff and Andrea Pedrazzini; 26. The Åknes rockslide, Norway Lars Harald Blikra; 27. A seismometric approach for back-analysing an unusual rockfall in the Appenines of Italy G. Bianchi Fasani, C. Esposito, S. Martino, G. Scarascia Mugnozza, L. Lenti and M. Pecci; 28. Downie Slide, British Columbia, Canada Katherine Kalenchuk, D. Jean Hutchinson, Mark Diederichs and Dennis Moore; 29. The 1963 Vaiont landslide, Italy Monica Ghirotti; 30. Hong Kong landslides S. R. Hencher and A. W. Malone; 31. Landslides induced by the Wenchuan earthquake Mashiro Chigira, Wang Gonghui and Wu Xiyong; 32. Landslides on other planets M. H. K. Bulmer; Index.

John J. Clague is the Canada Research Chair in Natural Hazard Research at Simon Fraser University, British Columbia and also, at the same institution, Director of the Centre for Natural Hazard Research. He has published over 250 papers in forty-five different journals on a range of Earth science disciplines, including glacial geology, geomorphology, stratigraphy, sedimentology and natural hazards. Dr Clague's other principal professional interest is improving public awareness of Earth science by making relevant geoscience information available: he has written two popular books on the geology and geologic hazards of southwest British Columbia and a textbook on natural hazards. He is the recipient of the Geological Society of America Burwell Award, the Royal Society of Canada Bancroft Award, the Geological Association of Canada's (GAC) 2006 E. R. W. Neale Medal and GAC's 2007 Logan Medal. He was the 2007–8 Richard Jahns Distinguished Lecturer for the Geological Society of America and Association of Environmental and Engineering Geology.
Douglas Stead has over thirty years experience in rock and soil slope stability in industry, government and academia in the UK, Zambia, Hong Kong, Papua New Guinea and Canada. He is now Professor and Chair in Resource Geoscience and Geotechnics at Simon Fraser University, British Columbia. He has published extensively in the areas of rock mechanics and engineering geology with application to landslides, surface and underground mining. Dr Stead has a strong commitment to continuing development courses for professional engineers and geoscientists - delivering courses on the methods of data collection and numerical modeling of rock slopes. He is a Professional Engineer in British Columbia and a Chartered Engineer in the UK, and is currently a member of the Engineering Geology editorial board and an Associate Editor of the Canadian Geotechnical Journal. He is a recipient of the Canadian Geotechnical Society Thomas Roy Award for Enginee