Translational Biology in Medicine
Woodhead Publishing Series in Biomedicine Series

• Dedication
• List of figures
• Abbreviations
• About the author
• 1: Introduction and overview of chapter contents
  • Abstract
• 2: Model systems
  • Abstract
  • 2.1 Introduction
  • 2.2 Immortalized cell lines
  • 2.3 Primary cells obtained from the host
  • 2.4 Animal models
  • 2.5 Stem cells: adult and induced pluripotent
• 3: Blood biomarkers: overview of existing serum test strategies for disease severity, risk for progression, therapeutic benchmark targets
  • Abstract
  • 3.1 Introduction
  • 3.2 Early definition of biomarkers
  • 3.3 Initial biomarker discovery
  • 3.4 Translation into animal models
  • 3.5 Translation into small human populations
  • 3.6 Application to larger, more generalizable populations
  • 3.7 Biomarker measurement considerations
• 4: Genetic and genomic profiling
  • Abstract
  • 4.1 Introduction
  • 4.2 Theories of heritability of disease risk and severity
  • 4.3 Gene expression signatures
  • 4.4 Examples of gene expression signatures
• 5: Translational models, methods and concepts in studies of aging and longevity
  • Abstract
  • 5.1 Introduction
  • 5.2 Theories of aging
  • 5.3 The here and now: the world is aging
  • 5.4 Telomere length/activity in aging
  • 5.5 Stem cell aging
  • 5.6 Aging and muscle tissue regeneration
  • 5.7 Immune aging and immunosenescence
  • 5.8 The insulin/IGF1 signaling axis in aging
  • 5.9 Branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) and aging
  • 5.10 Measurement of lifespan modulators
  • 5.11 Factors influencing aging
• 6: Translational models, methods and concepts in studies of muscle tissue repair
  • Abstract
  • 6.1 Introduction
  • 6.2 Muscle maintenance and regeneration
  • 6.3 The role of satellite cell activity in aging and decline in muscle function
  • 6.4 Muscle growth regulatory pathways
  • 6.5 Sarcopenia and muscle maintenance
  • 6.6 Functional limitations and therapeutic drug design
  • 6.7 The TGFb1 axis
  • 6.8 Inflammatory stress and muscle
  • 6.9 Cachexia and muscle homeostasis
  • 6.10 Anabolic effects of testosterone treatment
  • 6.11 Use of high-throughput technologies with muscle to promote musculoskeletal growth
• 7: Translational models, methods and concepts in studies of acute and chronic infection
  • Abstract
  • 7.1 Introduction
  • 7.2 From HIV origins to the modern era
  • 7.3 HIV infection and aging
  • 7.4 HIV-1 infection and transmission
  • 7.5 Infection and innate host response
  • 7.6 HIV and adaptive host response
  • 7.7 HIV-1 comorbid conditions
  • 7.8 HIV and drugs
  • 7.9 Infection-associated inflammation and aging promote fibrosis
  • 7.10 Viral eradication studies
• 8: Bioethical considerations and IRB challenges in translational biology study design and bioethical considerations in biomedical research
  • Abstract
  • 8.1 Institutional review boards
  • 8.2 Institutional animal care and use committee (IACUC)
  • 8.3 Big Data and the online privacy of health information
• 9: Concluding remarks and the future of personalized medicine
  • Abstract
  • 9.1 Introduction
  • 9.2 Personalized medicine and aging
  • 9.3 Personalized medicine and muscle maintenance
  • 9.4 Personalized medicine and infectious diseases: HIV
• References
• Index

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• Describes cellular and animal model systems used in translational research
• Discusses the use of blood, genetic and genomic biomarkers for disease
• Presents translational studies in aging, tissue repair and infectious disease biomedicine