Superhalogens, 1st ed. 2023
Properties and Applications
SpringerBriefs in Molecular Science Series

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Language: English

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This brief introduces the reader to the topic of superhalogens, a special class of atomic clusters that can potentially mimic the behavior of halogen atoms. It provides an introduction to the history of superhalogens, their conceptualization, and experimental confirmation and discusses in detail their properties and various applications. Some of the applications analyzed in the text include their potential use in the design of superacids, electrolytes for Li-ion batteries, and organic superconductors as well as their use in ionic liquids. The latest developments in the field are also presented. This brief is of great interest to graduates and researchers working at the interface of chemistry, physics, and materials science.

1                    Introduction

1.1.            Background

1.2.            Theoretical prediction of superhalogens

1.3.            Adiabatic electron affinity versus vertical detachment energy

1.4.            Experimental confirmation of superhalogens

1.5.            Quest for new ligands

1.6.            Towards maximization of VDEs

1.7.            Electron counting rules

1.8.            Non-coordinating anions

1.9.            Summary

References

 

2                    Transition metal fluorides and oxides as superhalogens

2.1.            Introduction

2.2.            Transition metal with fluorine ligands

2.3.            Transition metal with oxygen ligands

2.4.            Transition metal with other ligands

2.5.            Summary

References

 

3                    Superhalogens as strong oxidizers

3.1.            Introduction

3.2.            Oxidation of water and its clusters

3.3.            Oxidation of benzene

3.4.            Oxidation of fullerene

3.5.            Oxidation of carbon dioxide

3.6.            Oxidation of transition metal oxides

3.7.            Oxidation of heterocycles

3.8.            Oxidation of nitric oxide

3.9.            Formation of noble gas compounds

3.10.        Summary

References

 

4                    Superhalogens in the design of superacids

4.1.            Introduction

4.2.            Acidity of HAlnF3n+1 species

4.3.            Protonated superhalogens as superacids

4.4.            Origin of (super)acidity

4.5.            Path for stronger superacids

4.6.            Other superhalogen based superacids

4.7.            Summary

References

 

5                    Superhalogens in the design of electrolytic salts

5.1.            Introduction

5.2.            Anions in typical electrolytic salts

5.3.            New electrolytic salts based on halogen-free superhalogens

5.4.            New electrolytic salts based on superhalogen dianions

5.5.            Summary

References

 

6                    Miscellaneous applications of superhalogens

6.1.            Introduction

6.2.            Organic superconductors

6.3.            Ionic liquids

6.4.            Liquid crystals

6.5.            Nonlinear optical materials

6.6.            Summary

References

 

7                    Conclusion and future perspectives

Ambrish Kumar Srivastava is Assistant Professor of Physics at Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gorakhpur University in Gorakhpur, India. He received a Junior Research Fellowship from CSIR, India. Having obtained his academic degrees from the University of Lucknow, he got a National Postdoctoral Fellowship from SERB, DST, India. Dr. Srivastava has authored over 150 scientific publications including 1 authored book and 2 edited ebooks. He is Associate Editor of Frontiers in Physics. He has reviewed more than 40 research publications and edited 10 publications. He received the prestigious NASI-Young Scientist Platinum Jubilee Award 2022 conferred by the National Academy of Sciences, India (NASI). He is a member of Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC), American Chemical Society (ACS), Indian Chemical Society, and Materials Research Society of India. His current research interests include Computational Materials Science, Atomic Clusters and Superatoms, Biophysics.

Overviews the history and experimental confirmation of superhalogens

Discusses their use in the design of superacids and ionic liquids

Presents basics and latest developments