The International Distribution of News The Associated Press, Press Association, and Reuters, 1848–1947

Based on newly available and extensive archival evidence, this book traces the history of international news agencies and associations around the world from 1848 to 1947. Jonathan Silberstein-Loeb argues that newspaper publishers formed news associations and patronized news agencies to cut the costs of news collection and exclude competitors from gaining access to the news. In this way, cooperation facilitated the distribution of news. The extent to which state regulation permitted cooperation, or prohibited exclusivity, determined the benefit newspaper publishers derived from these organizations. This book revises our understanding of the operation and organization of the Associated Press, the BBC, the Press Association, Reuters, and the United Press. It also sheds light on the history of competition policy respecting the press, intellectual property, and the regulation of telecommunications.

1. Introduction; 2. Conceiving cooperation among American newspapers, 1848–92; 3. Cooperation, competition, and regulation in the United States, 1893–1945; 4. The 'Rationalist Illusion', the Post Office, and the Press, 1868–1913; 5. Private enterprise, public monopoly, and the preservation of cooperation in Britain, 1914–41; 6. Reluctant imperialist? Reuters in the British Empire, 1851–1947; 7. Cartel or free trade: supplying the world's news, 1856–1947; 8. Conclusion.

Jonathan Silberstein-Loeb received his PhD from the University of Cambridge in 2009, and is Senior Lecturer in History at Keble College, University of Oxford.