Thorp and Covich's Freshwater Invertebrates (4^th Ed.)
Keys to Palaearctic Fauna

Thorp and Covich's Freshwater Invertebrates: Keys to Palearctic Fauna, Fourth Edition is part of a multivolume series covering inland water invertebrates of the world that began with Vol. I: Ecology and General Biology (2015), then Vol. II (2016) Neotropical Hexapoda (insects and springtails), and finally in Vol. III (2018). It now continues with identification keys for Palearctic invertebrates in Vol. IV. Two other volumes currently in development focus on general invertebrates of the Neotropical/Antarctic, and Australasian Bioregions. Other volumes in the early planning stages include Afrotropical and Oriental/Oceanic Bioregions. All volumes are designed for multiple uses and levels of expertise by professionals in universities, government agencies and private companies, as well as by graduate and undergraduate students.

• Provides identification keys for inland water (fresh to saline) invertebrates of the Palearctic Zoogeographic Region, from Iceland to Russia, and from the northern Pole region to Saharan Africa in the west, through the Middle East, and to the central China and Japan in the east
• Presents identification keys for aquatic invertebrates to the genus or species level for many groups and to family for Hexapoda, with the keys progressing from higher to lower taxonomic levels
• Includes a general introduction and sections on limitations, terminology and morphology, material preparation and preservation and references

1. Introduction 2. Protozoa 3. Phylum Porifera 4. Phylum Cnidaria 5. Phylum Platyhelminthes 6. Phylum Nemertea 7. Phylum Gastrotricha 8. Phylum Rotifera 9. Phylum Nematoda 10. Phylum Nematomorpha 11. Phylum Mollusca 12. Phylum Annelida 13. Phylum Ectoprocta (Bryozoa) 14. Phylum Entoprocta 15. Phylum Tardigrada 16. Phylum Arthropoda: Introduction and Arachnida