Money Matters in Migration
Policy, Participation, and Citizenship

Migration, participation, and citizenship, are central political and social concerns, are deeply affected by money. The role of money - tangible, intangible, conceptual, and as a policy tool - is understudied, overlooked, and analytically underdeveloped. For sending and receiving societies, migrants, their families, employers, NGOs, or private institutions, money defines the border, inclusion or exclusion, opportunity structures, and equality or the lack thereof. Through the analytical lens of money, the chapters in this book expose hidden and sometimes contradictory policy objectives, unwanted consequences, and inconsistent regulatory structures. The authors from a range of fields provide multiple perspectives on how money shapes decisions from all actors in migration trajectories, from micro to macro level. Taking an interdisciplinary approach, the book draws on case studies from Europe, the Americas, Asia, and Africa. This comprehensive overview brings to light the deep global impacts money has on migration and citizenship.

1. Money matters in migration: a synthetic approach Tesseltje de Lange, Willem Maas, and Annette Schrauwen; Part I. Migration: 2. Money matters: The role of funding in migration governance Elaine Lebon-McGregor and Nicholas R. Micinski; 3. Digging a moat around fortress Europe: EU funding as an instrument of exclusion Caterina Molinari; 4. European funds for 'sub-Saharan' migrants in Morocco: caring or controlling? Lorena Gazzotti; 5. Cash rules everything: money and migration in the Colombian-Venezuelan borderlands Charles Larratt-Smith; 6. Recruitment fees, indebtedness and the impairment of Asian migrant workers' rights Pedro de Sena; 7. Pushing out the poor: income requirements and termination of residence Annette Schrauwen; 8. Follow the money: income requirements in Norwegian immigration regulations Helga Eggebø and Anne Staver; Part II. Participation: 9. Money matters in live-in migrant carer arrangements: a comparative analysis between Germany and The Netherlands Anita Böcker, María Bruquetas-Callejo,Vincent Horn, and Cornelia Schweppe; 10. De-magnetizing the market: irregular migrants, undeclared work, and the fight against the informal economy Kimberly J. Morgan; 11. Women as EU citizens: caught between work, sufficient resources, and the market Sandra Mantu; 12. Migrant financial inclusion versus the fight against money laundering and terrorist financing Tesseltje de Lange and Elspeth Guild; 13. Migrant remittances and money laundering in Africa Cristiano d'Orsi; Part III. Citizenship: 14. The marketization of citizenship: the origins and spread of citizenship by investment Kristin Surak; 15. Are citizenship-by-investment programs legitimate? Suggesting some assessment methods Elena Prats; 16. Wealth as a golden visa to citizenship Ayelet Shachar; 17. Divided families and devalued citizens: money matters in mixed-status families in the Netherlands Judith de Jong and Betty de Hart; 18. Money in internal migration: financial resources and unequal citizenship Willem Maas.

Tesseltje de Lange is Professor of European Migration Law and Director of the Centre for Migration Law in the Faculty of Law, Radboud University Nijmegen.
Willem Maas is Jean Monnet Chair and Professor of Political Science, Public & International Affairs, and Socio-Legal Studies, York University, Toronto.
Annette Schrauwen is Professor of European integration at the Amsterdam Centre for European Law and Governance (ACELG), Law Faculty, University of Amsterdam.