Seeking Legitimacy
Why Arab Autocracies Adopt Women's Rights

Aili Mari Tripp explains why autocratic leaders in Morocco, Tunisia and Algeria embraced more extensive legal reforms of women's rights than their Middle Eastern counterparts. The study challenges existing accounts that rely primarily on religiosity to explain the adoption of women's rights in Muslim-majority countries. Based on extensive fieldwork in Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia and an original database of gender-based reforms in the Middle East and North Africa, this accessible study analyzes how women's rights are used both instrumentally and symbolically to advance the political goals of authoritarian regimes as leverage in attempts to side-line religious extremists. It shows how Islamist political parties have been forced to dramatically change their positions on women's rights to ensure political survival. In an original contribution to the study of women's rights in the Middle East and North Africa, Tripp reveals how women's rights movements have capitalized on moments of political turmoil to defend and advance their cause.

Introduction; Part I. Comparing the Maghreb and the Middle East: 1. Women's rights: comparing the Middle East and the Maghreb; 2. Setting the stage for gender reforms; 3. Legislative and constitutional women's rights reforms in Arab countries; Part II. Case Studies: 4. Morocco; 5. Algeria; 6. Tunisia; Conclusions.

Aili Mari Tripp is Wangari Maathai Professor of Political Science and Gender and Women's Studies at the University of Wisconsin, Madison. She is author of several award-winning books, including Women and Politics in Uganda (2000), Museveni's Uganda: Paradoxes of Power in a Hybrid Regime (2010) and Women and Power in Postconflict Africa (Cambridge, 2015).