Gene Therapy, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1999
Principles and Applications

K. Sikora Gene therapy is one of the fastest developing areas in modern medical research. Transcending the classical preclinical and clinical disciplines, it is likely to have far­ reaching consequences in the practice of medicine, as we enter the next millennium. Currently, there are over 200 seperate active clinical trials with over 2,500 patients entered. These studies involve over 20 countries and include patients with a wide range of diseases, including cancer, HIV infection; cystic fibrosis (CF), haemophilia, diabetes, immune deficiencies, metabolic disorders, ischaemic heart disease and arthritis. Gene therapy can be defined as the deliberate transfer of DNA for therapeutic purposes. There is a further implication that only specific sequences containing rel­ evant genetic information are used; otherwise, transplantation procedures involving bone marrow, kidney or liver could be considered a form of gene therapy. The con­ cept of transfer of genetic information as a practical clinical tool arose from the gene-cloning technology, developed during the 1970s. Without the ability to isolate and replicate defined genetic sequences, it would be impossible to produce purified material for clinical use. The drive for the practical application of this technology came from the biotechnology industry with its quest for complex human biomole­ cules produced by recombinant techniques in bacteria. Within a decade, pharma­ ceutical-grade insulin, interferon, interleukin 2 and tumour necrosis factor were all involved in clinical trials. The next step was to obtain gene expression in vivo.

I. Gene Transfer Methods.- 1 Retroviral Vectors.- 2 Adenovirus Vectors for Gene Therapy.- 3 Receptor Mediated Gene Transfer.- 4 Liposomes in Gene Therapy.- 5 Recombinant Adeno-Associated Virus (r AAV) Vectors.- 6 Gene Transfection Using Particle Bombardment.- II. Gene Therapy of Single Gene Defects.- 1 Gene Therapy for Severe Combined Immunodeficiencies.- 2 Models of Lysosomal Storage Disorders Useful for the Study of Gene Therapy.- 3 Gene Therapy for Cystic Fibrosis.- 4 Gene Therapy of Familial Hypercholesterolemia.- III. Gene Marking.- 1 Gene Marking in Bone Marrow and Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation.- 2 Gene Marking of T Lymphocytes.- 3 MDR1 Gene Transfer to Hematopoietic Cells.- IV. Gene Therapy of Cancer.- 1 The c-myb Protooncogene: A Novel Target for Human Gene Therapy.- 2 Thymidine Kinases.- 3 Strategies for Enhancing Tumor Immunogenicity (or how to transform a tumor cell in a Frankenstenian APC).- 4 T Blankenstein Vaccines using Gene-Modified Tumor Cells.- 5 Autologous and Allogeneic Tumor Cell Vaccines.- 6 Identification of Tumor Antigens Defined by Cytolytic T Lymphocytes and Therapeutic Implications.- 7 Peptide Vaccination.- 8 Combination Effects of Gene Modified Tumor Cell Vaccines and Chemotherapy.