Manual of Clinical Procedures in the Horse

Manual of Clinical Procedures in the Horse is a detailed step-by-step guide to clinical skills in equine practice. With information on techniques ranging from physical examination and blood sampling to lameness and neurologic exams and other specialized procedures, the book is an aid to confidently and effectively performing procedures used in daily equine practice. Well illustrated with clinical photographs throughout, the book?s focus is on providing thorough, easy-to-understand descriptions of 80 techniques necessary for examining and treating horses.

Each topic includes a summary of the purpose, potential complications, equipment and proper restraint for each procedure, with a detailed description of each action for the technique and the rationale behind it.  More than 1,100 full-colour clinical photographs demonstrate the techniques.  Manual of Clinical Procedures in the Horse is an essential purchase for any veterinary practice seeing equine patients.

Key features

• Details each step for 80 common procedures for veterinary care of the horse
• Supports veterinarians and technicians in performing techniques in daily equine practice
• Presents more than 1,100 images depicting the steps described in the text
• Covers the purpose, potential complications, equipment, restraint, actions and rationale for each procedure
• Offers a practical patient-side reference to essential techniques in clinical practice, ranging from basic assessment to specialized procedures

List of Contributors xiii

Preface xv

Acknowledgements xvi

Part I General Clinical Examinations and Routine Procedures 1

1 Principles of Horse Handling for Veterinarians: Horse Handling Versus Horse Restraint 3
Kerry Ridgway and Christine Heraud-Ridgway

2 Physical Restraint of the Horse for Clinical Procedures 5
Mustajab H. Mirza and Lais R.R. Costa 5

3 History and Physical Examination of the Horse 27
Lais R.R. Costa

4 Venous Blood Collection 59
Lais R.R. Costa and Ann Chapman

5 Arterial Blood Collection 67
Lais R.R. Costa

6 Injection Techniques 72
Ann Chapman

7 Other Routes of Medication Administration 88
Ann Chapman

8 Placement and Care of Intravenous Catheters 96
Ann Chapman

9 Chemical Restraint 111
Antonio José de Araujo Aguiar

10 Aseptic Technique 123
Colin Mitchell

Part II Clinical Procedures by Body Systems: Digestive System 127

11 Oral and Dental Examination 129
Travis Henry and Molly Rice

12 Perineural Anesthesia for Dental Procedures 146
Molly Rice and Travis Henry

13 Common Dental Procedures 153
Molly Rice and Travis Henry

14 Nasogastric Intubation 172
Alfredo Sanchez Londoño

15 Abdominocentesis 177
Alfredo Sanchez Londoño

16 Rectal Examination 182
Alfredo Sanchez Londoño

17 Percutaneous Cecal Trocharization 190
Mustajab H. Mirza and Lais R.R. Costa

18 Gastroscopy and Esophagoscopy 195
Patrick Loftin, Joshua A. Cartmill, and Frank M. Andrews

Part III Clinical Procedures by Body Systems: Respiratory System 201

19 Percutaneous Sinocentesis 203
Mustajab H. Mirza, Jill R. Johnson, and Lais R.R. Costa

20 Endoscopic Examination of the Upper Respiratory Tract 210
Colin Mitchell

21 Tracheostomy 216
Mustajab H. Mirza, Jill R. Johnson, and Lais R.R. Costa

22 Nasopharyngeal Sampling 225
Lais R.R. Costa and Ashley G. Boyle

23 Nasotracheal Intubation 233
Mustajab H. Mirza, Jill R. Johnson, and Lais R.R. Costa

24 Endoscopy and Catheterization of the Guttural Pouch for Sampling and Lavage 237
Lais R.R. Costa and Jill R. Johnson

25 Bronchoalveolar Lavage of Adults and Foals 247
Brett Sponseller and Beatrice Sponseller

26 Transtracheal Aspiration of Adults and Foals 255
Brett Sponseller and Beatrice Sponseller

Part IV Clinical Procedures by Body Systems: Locomotor System 261

27 Lameness Examination 263
Daniel J. Burba

28 Perineural Anesthesia of the Limbs 273
Daniel J. Burba

29 Arthrocentesis and Intraarticular Analgesia/Anesthesia 282
Daniel J. Burba

30 Intravenous Regional Limb Perfusion in Adult Horses 293
Mustajab H. Mirza, Jill R. Johnson, and Lais R.R. Costa

31 Collection of Muscle Biopsy in Horses 298
Mustajab H. Mirza and Lais R.R. Costa

32 Examination of Foot Conformation and Balance 305
Colin Mitchell

33 Limb Bandages and Splints 313
Daniel J. Burba

34 Cast Application 325
Daniel J. Burba

Part V Clinical Procedures by Body Systems: Reproductive System 333

35 Reproductive Evaluation of the Stallion 335
Carlos R. F. Pinto

36 Reproductive Evaluation of the Mare 343
Carlos R. F. Pinto

37 Artificial Insemination 359
Carlos R. F. Pinto

38 Placement of Caslick’s Suture 365
Catherine Renaudin and Carlos R. F. Pinto

39 Evaluation and Monitoring of the Pregnant Mare 370
Catherine Renaudin

40 Impending Parturition and Delivery 384
Catherine Renaudin

41 Evaluation and Monitoring of the Post-parturient Mare 395
Catherine Renaudin

Part VI Clinical Procedures in Neonatal Medicine 409

A Clinical Assessment and Resuscitation of the Neonatal Foal 409

42 Restraining the Neonatal Foal 411
Nóra Nógrádi and K. Gary Magdesian

43 Physical Examination of the Neonatal Foal 416
Nóra Nógrádi and K. Gary Magdesian

44 Electrocardiography in the Neonatal Foal 427
Nóra Nógrádi and K. Gary Magdesian

45 Arterial Blood Pressure Measurement in the Neonatal Foal 429
Nóra Nógrádi and K. Gary Magdesian

46 Measurement of Central Venous Pressure in the Neonatal Foal 432
Nóra Nógrádi and K. Gary Magdesian

47 Pulse Oximetry in the Neonatal Foal 436
Nóra Nógrádi and K. Gary Magdesian

48 Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation of the Neonatal Foal 438
Nóra Nógrádi and K. Gary Magdesian

49 Arterial Blood Sampling in the Neonatal Foal 445
Nóra Nógrádi and K. Gary Magdesian

50 Venous Blood Sampling in the Neonatal Foal 448
Nóra Nógrádi and K. Gary Magdesian

51 Urinary Catheter Placement in the Neonatal Foal 452
Nóra Nógrádi and K. Gary Magdesian

52 Cerebral Spinal Fluid Collection in the Neonatal Foal 457
Nóra Nógrádi and K. Gary Magdesian

B Instrumentation in the Neonatal Foal 461

53 Intravenous Catheter Placement in the Neonatal Foal 463
Nóra Nógrádi and K. Gary Magdesian

54 Intraosseus Needle Placement in the Neonatal Foal 472
Nóra Nógrádi and K. Gary Magdesian

55 Placement of a Nasal Insufflation Tube in the Neonatal Foal 476
Nóra Nógrádi and K. Gary Magdesian

56 Placement of a Nasogastric Tube in the Neonatal Foal 480
Nóra Nógrádi and K. Gary Magdesian

57 Administration of Enema in the Neonatal Foal 485
Nóra Nógrádi and K. Gary Magdesian

58 Arthrocentesis and Joint Lavage in the Neonatal Foal 488
Nóra Nógrádi and K. Gary Magdesian

59 Regional Limb Perfusion in the Neonatal Foal 493
Mary Rose Paradis

Part VII Clinical Procedures by Body Systems: Urinary System 497

60 Urinary Catheterization of Adult Male Horses 499
Brett Sponseller and Beatrice Sponseller

61 Urinary Catheterization of Mares 504
Brett Sponseller and Beatrice Sponseller

Part VIII Clinical Procedures by Body Systems: Ocular Procedures 5011

62 Equine Ocular Examination 513
Renee Carter

63 Ophthalmic Nerve Blocks 522
Renee Carter

64 Ophthalmic Diagnostic Procedures 529
Renee Carter

65 Ophthalmic Therapeutic Procedures 539
Renee Carter

Part IX Clinical Procedures by Body Systems: Dermatological Procedures 55 

66 Brushing/grooming 553
Michelle Woodward and Cherie Pucheu-Haston

67 Cellophane Tape Preparation 556
Michelle Woodward and Cherie Pucheu-Haston

68 Skin Scraping 558
Michelle Woodward and Cherie Pucheu-Haston

69 Dermatophilus Preparation 562
Michelle Woodward and Cherie Pucheu-Haston

70 Fungal Culture of Superficial Skin Lesions 566
Michelle Woodward and Cherie Pucheu-Haston

71 Skin Biopsy 570
Michelle Woodward and Cherie Pucheu-Haston

72 Onchocerca Preparation 575
Michelle Woodward and Cherie Pucheu-Haston

73 Intradermal Sweat Testing 578
Lais R.R. Costa

Part X Clinical Procedures by Body Systems: Neurologic Procedures 583

74 Neurologic Examination 585
Mary Rose Paradis

75 Epidural Anesthesia and Analgesia 595
Antonio José de Araujo Aguiar

76 Equine Field Anesthesia 609
Antonio José de Araujo Aguiar

Part XI Clinical Procedures by Body Systems: Miscellaneous Procedures 625

77 Bone Marrow Aspiration 627
Alfredo Sanchez Londoño

78 Saddle Evaluation and Fitting 632
Kerry Ridgeway

79 Pre-purchase Examination 644
Daniel J. Burba

80 Euthanasia 647
Mustajab H. Mirza and Lais R.R. Costa

Index 651

The editors
Lais R.R. Costa, Med.Vet., MS, PhD, Diplomate ACVIM (LAIM), Diplomate ABVP (Eq), is Associate Veterinarian in Equine Medicine at the William Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California - Davis in Davis, California, USA.

Mary Rose Paradis, DVM, MS, Diplomate ACVIM (LAIM), is Associate Professor Emerita of Internal Medicine in the Department of Clinical Sciences at Tufts University's Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine in North Grafton, Massachusetts, USA.