Applications of Ion Beams to Metals, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1974

Conferences have been held in the past on atomic collision phenomena and on the applications of ion beams to semiconductors. However, within the past year it became apparent that there is a growing new area of active research involving the use of ion beams to modify and study the basic properties of metals. As a result a topical conference was organized to bring together for the first time scientists with a wide range of backgrounds and interests related to this field. This book contains the proceed­ ings of the International Conference on Applications of Ion Beams to Metals which was held in Albuquerque, New Mexico, October 2-4, 1973. Much of the work presented herein represents ideas and concepts which have had little or no previous exposure in the open literature. The application of ion beams to superconducting prop­ erties for example is quite new, as is the chapter on ion induced surface reactions, which includes primarily oxidation and corrosion studies of implanted materials. These areas, as well as the chapter on implantation alloy formation, indicate important future areas of the application of ion beams to metals. A reading of the chapters on superconductivity and on oxida­ tion and corrosion can serve to bring one up to date on nearly all the existing information in these areas of the ion beam mod­ ification of metals. A broad perspective of the oxidation area is given in the invited paper by G. Dearnaley.

I. Implantation Modification of Superconductivity.- Superconductivity of Palladium and Pd-Alloys Charged with H or D by Ion Implantation at Helium Temperatures.- Ion Implantation in Superconducting Thin Films.- Ion Implantation in Superconducting Niobium Thin Films.- Superconducting Properties of the Dilute Magnetic Alloys Pb-Mn, Sn-Mn and Hg-Mn Obtained by Ion Implantation.- Ion Irradiation and Flux Pinning in Type II Superconductors.- II. Ion Induced Surface Reactions.- The Use of Ion Beams in Corrosion Science.- The Effects of Ion Bombardment on the Thin Film Oxidation Behavior of Zircaloy-4 and Zr-1.0 Nb.- Ion Implantation and Backscattering from Oxidized Single-Crystal Copper.- Movement of Ions During the Anodic Oxidation of Aluminum.- Friction and Wear of Ion Implanted Metals.- III. Thin Films and Interfaces.- Ion Beam Studies of Metal-Metal and Metal-Semiconductor Reactions.- Rutherford Scattering Studies of Diffusion in Thin Multilayer Metal Films.- Analysis of Compound Formation in Au-Al Thin Films.- Thin Film Interdiffusion of Chromium and Copper.- Ion Backscattering Study of WSi2 Layer Growth in Sputtered W Contacts on Silicon.- Reactions of Thin Metal Films with Si or SiO2 Substrates.- Ion Beam Induced Intermixing in the Pd/Si System.- IV. Alloying and Migration in High Fluence Implants.- Precipitation During Ion Bombardment of Metals.- Radiation Damage and Ion Behavior in Ion Implanted Vanadium and Nickel Single Crystals.- Sb-Implanted A? Studied by Ion Backscattering and Electron Microscopy.- The Changes in Electrical Properties of Tantalum Thin Films Following Ion Bombardment.- Implantation and Diffusion of Au in Be: Behavior During Annealing of a Low-Solubility Implant.- Anomalous Room Temperature Diffusion of Ion-Injected Ni in Zn Targets.- Study of Li-6 Implanted into Niobium.- V. Implanted Atom Location.- Lattice Location of Impurities Implanted into Metals.- High Substitutional Fractions in Cold Implantations of Xe and Te in Iron as Shown by Mössbauer Effect Measurements.- Valence Determination and Lattice Location via Mössbauer Spectroscopy of Gd151 Implanted into Iron.- Combined Lattice Location and Hyperfine Field Study of Yb Implanted into Fe.- Effect of Radiation Damage on Lattice Location and Hyperfine Interactions of Impurities Implanted in Iron.- Determination of Unique Site Population in Various In Implanted Non-Cubic Metals using Angular Correlations and the Nuclear Electric Quadrupole Interaction.- The Location of Displaced Manganese and Silver Atoms in Irradiated Aluminum Crystals by Backscattering.- Lattice Location Studies of 2D and 3He in W.- Location of He Atoms in a Metal Vacancy.- Simulation of Inert Gas Interstitial Atoms in Tungsten.- VI. Ion Lattice Damage.- Ion Damage Effects in Metals as Studied by Transmission Electron Microscopy.- Transmission Electron Microscopy Study of Implantation Induced Defects in Gold.- Transmission Electron Microscope Studies of Defect Clusters in Aluminium Irradiated with Gold Ions.- Dechanneling from Damage Clusters in Heavy Ion Irradiated Gold.- Heavy Ion Damage in Thin Metal Films.- Formation of Interstitial Agglomerates and Gas Bubbles in Cubic Metals Irradiated with 5 keV Argon Ions.- Observation of Ion Bombardment Damage in a Ni (100) Crystal by Helium Ion Injection.- VII. Ion Implanted Gas Buildup.- Helium Implantation Effects in Vanadium and Niobium.- Effect of He+ and D+ Ion Beam Flux on Blister Formation in Niobium and Vanadium.- Depth Distribution and Migration of Implanted Helium in Metal Foils using Proton Backscattering.- Blistering of Niobium due to Low Energy Helium Ion Bombardment Investigated by Rutherford Backscattering.- Radiation Damage and Gas Diffusion in Molybdenum Under Deuteron Bombardment.- Radiation Blistering After H+, D+ and He+ Ion Implantation into Surfaces of Stainless Steel, Mo, and Be.- VIII. Voids and Implantation Simulation of Neutron Damage.- A Review of Ion Simulation of High Temperature Neutron Damage and Void Formation.- Ion Radiation Damage.- 4 MeV Iron Atom Bombardment of Iron.- Flux (Dose Rate) Effects for 2.8 MeV 58Ni Irradiations of Pure Ni.- Heavy Ion-Induced Void Formation in Pure Nickel.- The Temperature Dependence of Irradiation Induced Void Swelling in 20% Cold Worked Type 316 Stainless Steel Irradiated with 5 MeV Nickel Ions.- Author Index.