Galaxy Scaling Relations: Origins, Evolution and Applications, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1997 Proceedings of the ESO Workshop Held at Garching, Germany, 18–20 November 1996 ESO Astrophysics Symposia Series

At close inspection every galaxy appears to have its own individuality.A galaxy can be warped, lop-sided, doubly-nucleated, boxy or disky, ... in its own specific, peculiar way. Hence, for a complete description, galaxy taxonomy may ask for finer and finer classification schemes. However, for some applications it may be more fruitful to let details aside and focus on some global properties of galaxies. One is then seeking to measure just a few quantities for each galaxy, a minimum set of globalobservables that yet captures some essential aspect of these objects. One very successful example of this approach is offered by the scaling rela­ tions of galaxies, the subject of the international workshop held at ESO head­ quarters in Garching on November 19-21, 1996. Discovered in the late 1970's, the Tully-Fisher relation for the spirals and the Faber-Jackson relation, or its more recent version the Fundamental Plane, for ellipticals have now become flourishing fields of astronomical research in their own right, as well as being widely used tools for a broad range of astronomical investigations. The work­ shop was designed to address three key issues on galaxy scaling relations, i.e., their Origins, Evolution, and Applications in astronomy. The Origins of galaxy scaling relations still escape our full understanding.

1. Origins.- The Physical Origin of Galaxy Scaling Relations.- Can the Tully-Fisher Relation Be the Result of Initial Conditions?.- The Tully-Fisher Relation: A Numerical Simulator’s Perspective.- A Universal IMF: Tilt of the Fundamental Plane.- The Physical Origin of the Fundamental Plane (of Elliptical Galaxies).- The Role of Photoionization During Galaxy Formation.- Semianalytic Modelling of Galaxy Evolution.- Dark Halo Scaling from Galaxy-Galaxy Lensing.- Constraining the Mass Distribution of Cluster Galaxies by Weak Lensing.- Galaxy-Galaxy Lensing in the Hubble Deep Field: The Halo Tully-Fisher Relation at High Redshift.- 2. Evolution.- The Fundamental-Plane and Tully-Fisher Relations Viewed in ?-Space.- Photometric Scaling Relations of Dwarf Galaxies.- The Scaling Laws of Dwarf Elliptical Galaxies.- Bimodality of Freeman’s Law.- On the Phenomenology of Disk Galaxies.- Origin of the Colour-Magnitude Relation of Elliptical Galaxies.- Stellar Populations in Bulges of Spiral Galaxies.- The Luminosity-Width Relation of Spiral Galaxies.- A Comparison of Tully-Fisher and Fundamental Plane Distances for Nearby Clusters.- The Infrared Tully-Fisher Relation in Abell 1367 and Cancer.- Calibration of the Tully-Fisher Relation: An Interim Report on the HST Key Project.- The Fundamental Plane at z = 0.18.- Measuring the Evolution of the Mass-to-Light Ratio from z = 0 to z = 0.6 from the Fundamental Plane.- The Near-Infrared Fundamental Plane of Elliptical Galaxies and Its Evolution.- Surface Brightness Evolution of Cluster and Field Galaxies.- The Mg-? Relation of Elliptical Galaxies at Various Redshifts.- Properties of High Redshift Cluster Ellipticals.- The Nature of Compact Galaxies at z ~ 0.2 – 1.3: Implications for Galaxy Evolution and the Star Formation History ofthe Universe.- The 3CR Radio Galaxies at z ~ 1: Old Stellar Populations in Central Cluster Galaxies.- 3. Applications.- Cosmological Implications of Large-Scale Flows.- Large-Scale Flows from the Mark III Tully-Fisher Data.- Peculiar Motions of Clusters in the Perseus-Pisces Region.- The EFAR Project: Monte Carlo Testing of the Fundamental Plane Distance Estimator.- 4. Posters.- Quantitative Morphology and Color Gradients of E+A Galaxies in Distant Galaxy Clusters.- Comparing the Mark III and Abell/ACO Density and Velocity Fields.- Impact of SNIa on SED of High Redshift Galaxies.- Where Does the ‘Tilt’ Come From?.- The Fundamental Plane of Ellipticals: The Role of Nonhomology.- The Fundamental Plane of Galaxy Clusters.- Anomalous Scaling Laws in Lyman-? Clouds.- The I-Band Tully-Fisher Relation at Intermediate Redshifts.- The Kormendy Relation for 3 Abell Clusters.- On the Upper Limit of Surface Brightness of Starburst Galaxies.- The Fundamental Plane in the Leo-I Group and an Estimate of H0.- The Fundamental Plane and the Choice of Photometric Parameters.- The Fundamental Plane and Dark Haloes of Ellipticals.- Line-Strength Indices and Kinematics in Fornax.- Anisotropic R1/m Models. Velocity Profiles, and the FP of Elliptical Galaxies.- Surface Brightness Parameters and Entropy of Elliptical Galaxies.- Stellar Populations in Galaxies.- The Fundamental Plane for Hydra I and Coma.- The Relation Between X-Ray Emission, Galaxy Structure and Internal Kinematics in Early-Type Galaxies.- The Exponential Disk Parameters in the Near-Infrared.- Near-IR Mass-to-Light Ratio Profiles of Disk Galaxies.- Tidal Thickening of Galaxy Disks.- A Purely Photometric Fundamental Plane?.- Streaming Motions of Abell Clusters Within 12000 km s-1.- Models of Elliptical Galaxies: theGradients.- The Fundamental Plane at z = 0.3 — 0.6.- Author Index.

These proceedings address three key issues on galaxy scaling relations, i.e., their origin, evolution, and applications in astronomy. The authors discuss various aspects of the scaling relations like their interplay with luminosity and galaxy formation, their connection to the redshift, and their applications as distance indicators. The workshop was part of the ESO conference series meant to survey the current status of the most active areas of astronomical research in view of the rapidly approaching beginning of the VLT scientific operations.