Handbook of OPEC and the Global Energy Order Past, Present and Future Challenges Routledge International Handbooks Series

The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), celebrating its 60th anniversary in 2020, is one of the most recognizable acronyms in international politics. The organization has undergone decades of changing importance, from political irrelevance to the spotlight of world attention and back; and from economic boom for its members to deep political and financial crisis.

This handbook, with chapters provided by scholars and analysts from different backgrounds and specializations, discusses and analyzes the history and development of OPEC, its global importance, and the role it has played, and still plays, in the global energy market. Part I focuses on the relationship between OPEC and its member states. Part II examines the relationship between OPEC and its customers, the consuming countries and their governments, while Part III addresses the relationship between OPEC and its competitors and potential partners, the non-OPEC producers, and the international oil companies. The final section, Part IV, looks at OPEC and the governance of international energy.

Chapter 20 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.

1. OPEC and the Global Energy Order, Past, Present and Future Challenges

Dag Harald Claes and Giuliano Garavini

Part I: OPEC and the Member Countries

2. Oilmen, Petroleum Arabism and OPEC: New Political and Public Cultures of Oil in the Arab World, 1959-64

Nelida Fuccaro

3. Saudi Arabia’s Role in OPEC’s Evolution: OPEC and the Global Energy Order from its Origins to the Present Time

Majid Al-Moneef

4. Trade not Aid: OPEC and its Contribution towards Restructuring the Iranian Economy in the 1960s

Touraj Atabaki

5. Algeria and OPEC

Hocine Malti

6. From Norm Entrepreneur to a Reluctant Overachiever: Venezuela in the History of OPEC

Antulio Rosales

7. Nigeria and the Uncertain Future of the Oil Market

Michael Olorunfemi

Part II: OPEC and Consuming Countries

8. Be Prepared! Emergency Stockpiles of Oil Among Western Consumer Countries prior to the International Energy Agency System

Hans Otto Frøland, Mats Ingulstad

9. Talking about OPEC without Talking to OPEC? The (Non-)Relationship between the International Energy Agency and OPEC from 1974-90

Henning Türk

10. How OPEC Made the G-7: Western Coordination in the Wake of the ‘Oil Shock’

Federico Romero

11. The US Response to OPEC

Victor McFarland

12. OPEC and China: From Ideological Support to Economic Cooperation

Bao Maohong

13. The European Communities and OPEC: from Entangled International Organizations to Liberalism (1960s-80s)

Yves Bouvier, Alain Beltran

Part III: OPEC, non-OPEC and the International Oil Companies

14. The Changing Relationship Between OPEC Countries and International Oil Companies: The Dynamics of Bargaining Power in an Evolving Market

Carole Nakhle, Francesco Petrini

15. Ignoring, Countering and Undercutting OPEC: Britain, BP, Shell and the Shifting Global Energy Order (1960-86)

Jonathan R. Kuiken

16. Consumer Countries, Producer Countries and the International Oil Industry: Italy’s Role in the Evolution of Oil Contracts (1955-75)

Elisabetta Bini, Marta Musso

17. Between the Superpower and Third-Worldism: Mexico and OPEC (1974-82)

Claudia Jezabel Piña Navarro

18. From Foes to Friends: The Relationship Between OPEC and Norway

Dag Harald Claes

19. Taking a Leaf out of OPEC's Book? The Significance of Developing Producer Country Models for State Involvement in North Sea Oil Production

Eivind Thomassen

20. OPEC and Russia: A Happy Pro Forma Marriage

Mikhail Krutikhin and Indra Overland

Part IV: OPEC and International Energy Governance

21. Beyond the Texas Railroad Commission: Thirty Years of American Precedent for OPEC

Ellen R. Wald

22. The Road Not Taken: Frank Hendryx and the Proposal to Restructure Petroleum Concessions in the Middle East after the Venezuelan Pattern

Juan Carlos Boué

23. OPEC’s Struggle for International Recognition (1960-65): How a Denied Seat Agreement in Switzerland Influenced the Early Development of OPEC

Fabian Trinkler

24. When Modern Terrorism Began: the OPEC Hostage Taking of 1975

Thomas Riegler

25. OPEC and the Financialization of the Oil Market

Dag Harald Claes and John H. Moe

26. OPEC as a Political Club

Jeff D. Colgan

27. OPEC – From Peak to Peak: The History of 'Peak Oil' and its Relevance for OPEC

Øystein Noreng

28. What Role for OPEC in the Last Generation of Oil?

Greg Muttitt

Dag Harald Claes is Professor in the Department of Political Science at the University of Oslo. He is a former Research Fellow of the Fridtjof Nansen Institute and Senior Research Fellow in the ARENA program at the University of Oslo. Professor Claes has published studies of oil-producer cooperation, conflict and cooperation in oil and gas markets, Arctic oil and gas, the energy relations between Norway and the European Union, and the role of oil in Middle East conflicts.

Giuliano Garavini teaches international history at Roma Tre University in Rome. He has taught and received fellowships at various institutions including NYU Abu Dhabi, the European University Institute (EUI), the Graduate Institute in Geneva, the University of Bologna and the University of Padua. He has mainly written about European integration, decolonization and the Global South, the history of energy and petroleum.