Human Behavior in Hazardous Situations
Best Practice Safety Management in the Chemical and Process Industries

Dedication

General Introduction to This Book

Approach and Main Questions

Perspective on Human Behavior

The Structure of This Book

Part 1. Safety in Perspective

Chapter 1. Evolution of Safety Management

1.1 Safety Management Level 1

1.2 Safety Management Level 2

1.3 Safety Management Level 3

1.4 Safety Management Level 4

1.5 Summary

Tips for Transfer

Chapter 2. Evolution of Brain and Risk

2.1 Stage 1, from 300 Million to 200 Million Years Ago—The Development of the Basic Brain

2.2 Stage 2, from 200 Million to 2.5 Million Years Ago—The Development of the Emotional Brain

2.3 Stage 3, from 2.5 Million to 10 Thousand Years Ago—The Development of the Modern Brain

2.4 Stage 4, from 10 Thousand to 200 Years Ago—The Development of Risk Tolerance

2.5 Stage 5, the Last 200 Years—The Sudden Increase of New Dangers

2.6 Conscious and Nonconscious

2.7 Combining the Topic of Consciousness and the Three Parts of the Brain

2.8 Where in the Brain?

2.9 Summary

Tips for Transfer

Part 2. Risk and Safety in a Neuropsychological Perspective

Chapter 3. Risk Sensitivity: The Perception of Risks

3.1 Creating Risk Sensitivity

3.2 Reducing Risk Sensitivity

3.3 The Combined Effect of Newness and Sensitivity

3.4 Where in the Brain?

3.5 Summary

Tips for Transfer

Chapter 4. Risk Understanding: Knowing Risks

4.1 Enhancing Risk Understanding

4.2 The Development of Risk Understanding

4.3 Combining Newness, Sensitivity, and Awareness

4.4 Where in the Brain?

4.5 Summary

Tips for Transfer

Chapter 5. Safety Intuition: The Nonconscious Guide to Safety

5.1 Why Safety Always Needs Effort: Unbalances in the Feedback System of Safety Behavior

5.2 Gut Feeling, the Nonconscious Guide

5.3 The Role of Smell in the Danger System

5.4 Ambivalence toward Safety Costs and the Avoidance of Unsafe Situations

5.5 The Perception of Reasonable Costs

5.6 Unrealistic Optimism: Denying the Risk Probability

5.7 Intuition: Traces of the Nonconscious in the Conscious

5.8 Where in the Brain?

5.9 Summary

Tips to Transfer

Chapter 6. Safety Awareness: The Conscious Guide to Safety

6.1 Awareness and Alertness

6.2 The Relationship Between Brain Frequency, Stress, and Alertness

6.3 Where in the Brain and the Body?

6.4 Summary

Tips for Transfer

Part 3. Influencing Safety Behavior

Behavior

The Role of Consciousness in Behavior

Changing Behavior: How the Conscious and Nonconscious Systems Work Together

Where in the Brain?

Tips for Transfer

Chapter 7. Influencing Safety Behavior via An Individual Approach

7.1 What is a Safety Buddy?

7.2 Who Can Play the Role of Safety Buddy?

7.3 What Competences are Required for a Safety Buddy?

7.4 What are the Activities of a Safety Buddy?

7.5 The Safety Buddy and his Influence on Self-Image

Tips for Transfer

Chapter 8. Influencing Safety Behavior via a Team Approach

8.1 What Makes a Group of People a Team or a Family?

8.2 How Does Mirroring Work?

8.3 Mirroring and Team Culture

8.4 Mirror Systems and Behavioral Change

8.5 The Scope of Mirroring

8.6 Who Can Play the Role of a Challenger?

8.7 Where in the Brain?

8.8 Summary

Tips for Transfer

Chapter 9. Influencing Safety Behavior via An Organizational Approach

9.1 The Role of Management

9.2 Management as a Model

9.3 Managing Stress

9.4 Managing the Readiness to Take Risks

9.5 Managing an Enhancing Safety Atmosphere

9.6 Managing Rules and Regulations within an Organization

9.7 Corporate Safety Programs Based on Priming

9.8 Summary

Tips for Transfer

Part 4. Organizational Safety Management

Chapter 10. How to Manage Safety in an Organization

10.1 Monitoring Safety

10.2 Regression Effects

10.3 HR and Safety: Rewarding Safety Behavior?

10.4 Summary

Tips for Transfer

Safety Philosophy

Bibliography

Index

Safety and Loss Prevention Specialists; Industrial Hygienists. Chemical Engineers, Process Engineers, Mechanical Engineers.

• Presents new brain-based approaches to safety, with a historical perspective on the evolution of the safety management
• Practical tips and guidance for those working in the chemical and process industries
• Including exercises and case studies to demonstrate the practical application of techniques