Introduction to Experimental Infrared Spectroscopy
Fundamentals and Practical Methods

Infrared spectroscopy is generally understood to mean the science of spectra relating to infrared radiation, namely electromagnetic waves, in the wavelength region occurring intermediately between visible light and microwaves. Measurements of infrared spectra have been providing useful information, for a variety of scientific research and industrial studies, for over half a century; this is set to continue in the foreseeable future.

Introduction to Experimental Infrared Spectroscopy is intended to be a handy guide for those who have no, or limited, experience in infrared spectroscopic measurements but are utilising infrared-related methods for their research or in practical applications.

Written by leading researchers and experienced practitioners, this work consists of 22 chapters and presents the basic theory, methodology and practical measurement methods, including ATR, photoacoustic, IR imaging, NIR, 2D-COS, and VCD. The six Appendices will aid readers in understanding the concepts presented in the main text.

Written in an easy-to-understand way this book is suitable for students, researchers and technicians working with infrared spectroscopy and related methods.

List of Contributors ix

Preface xi

Part I Fundamentals of Infrared Spectroscopic Measurements 1

1. Introduction to Infrared Spectroscopy 3
Mitsuo Tasumi

2. Sample Handling and Related Matters in Infrared Spectroscopic Measurements 15
Akira Sakamoto

3. Quantitative Infrared Spectroscopic Analysis 29
Shukichi Ochiai

4. Principles of FT-IR Spectrometry 41
Koji Masutani

5. Hardware and Software in FT-IR Spectrometry 59
Koji Masutani

6. Computer Processing of Measured Infrared Spectra 83
Shukichi Ochiai

7. Chemometrics in Infrared Spectroscopic Analysis 97
Takeshi Hasegawa

Part II Practical Methods of Measurements 115

8. Reflection Measurements at Normal Incidence 117
Takeshi Hasegawa

9. External-Reflection Spectrometry for Thin Films and Surfaces 127
Takeshi Hasegawa

10. Reflection–Absorption Spectroscopy of Thin Layers on Metal Surfaces 141
Koji Masutani and Shukichi Ochiai

11. Polarization-Modulation Spectrometry and its Application to Reflection–Absorption Measurements 153
Koji Masutani

12. Diffuse-Reflection Measurements 169
Shukichi Ochiai

13. Attenuated Total Reflection Measurements 179
Shukichi Ochiai

14. Photoacoustic Spectrometry Measurements 199
Shukichi Ochiai

15. Emission Spectroscopic Measurements 209
Shukichi Ochiai

16. Infrared Microspectroscopic Measurements 223
Shukichi Ochiai and Hirofumi Seki

17. Infrared Microspectroscopic Imaging 241
Shigeru Shimada

18. Near-Infrared Spectroscopy 253
Masao Takayanagi

19. Far-Infrared Spectroscopy and Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy 269
Seizi Nishizawa

20. Time-Resolved Infrared Absorption Measurements 287
Akira Sakamoto

21. Two-Dimensional Correlation Spectroscopy 307
Shigeaki Morita, Hideyuki Shinzawa, Isao Noda, and Yukihiro Ozaki

22. Vibrational Circular Dichroism 321
Yoshiaki Hamada

Part III Appendices 335

AppendixA The Speed, Frequency, Wavelength, and Wavenumber of an Electromagnetic Wave 337
Mitsuo Tasumi

Appendix B Formulae Expressing the Electric Field of an Electromagnetic Wave and Related Subjects 339
Mitsuo Tasumi

AppendixC Coherence of the Thermal Radiation 345
Mitsuo Tasumi

AppendixD Mathematical Methods in FT-IR Spectrometry 347
Mitsuo Tasumi

Appendix E Electromagnetic Pulse on the Time Axis and its Spectrum 359
Mitsuo Tasumi

Appendix F Basic Concept of Two-Dimensional Correlation Spectroscopy 363
Isao Noda

Index 375

Professor Mitsuo Tasumi has been an active researcher in the field of infrared and Raman spectroscopy for over 40 years. He obtained his degrees from the University of Tokyo, and did post-doctoral work at The University of Michigan and Politecnico di Milano. He is currently president of Saitama University. He has won many awards including: The Ellis R. Lippincott Award from the Optical Society of America, Society for Applied Spectroscopy, and Coblentz Society; (Outstanding Contributions to Vibrational Spectroscopy) (1999); The Purple Ribbon Medal from the Japanese Government (Studies on Physical Chemistry) (1999); Fellow of the Optical Society of America (2000); Honorary Membership Award from the Society for Applied Spectroscopy (2004); Fellow of the Society for Applied Spectroscopy (2004).
He has, or is currently servingon the editorial boards of Journal of Molecular Structure; Vibrational Spectra and Structure; Spectrochimica Acta; Journal of Raman Spectroscopy; Comprehensive Polymer Science; Vibrational Spectroscopy, a Section of Analytica Chimica Acta; Biopolymers/Biospectroscopy. He has published numerous papers and book chapters and presented the prestigious "Raman-Mizushima Lecture" in 2006.