The Apology Ritual
A Philosophical Theory of Punishment

Christopher Bennett presents a theory of punishment grounded in the practice of apology, and in particular in reactions such as feeling sorry and making amends. He argues that offenders have a 'right to be punished' - that it is part of taking an offender seriously as a member of a normatively demanding relationship (such as friendship or collegiality or citizenship) that she is subject to retributive attitudes when she violates the demands of that relationship. However, while he claims that punishment and the retributive attitudes are the necessary expression of moral condemnation, his account of these reactions has more in common with restorative justice than traditional retributivism. He argues that the most appropriate way to react to crime is to require the offender to make proportionate amends. His book is a rich and intriguing contribution to the debate over punishment and restorative justice.

Acknowledgements; Part I. Justifying Punishment: Introduction: a different perspective on criminal justice; 1. The problem of punishment and the restorative alternative; 2. Some retributivist themes; Part II. Responding to Wrongdoing: 3. Responsibility, reactive attitudes and the right to be punished; 4. Non-retributive dialogue; 5. The cycle of blame and apology; Part III. The Apology Ritual: 6. Restorative justice and state condemnation of crime; 7. Institutional blame and apology; 8. The apology ritual and its rivals; Bibliography; Index.