The Challenge of Differentiation in Euro-Mediterranean Relations
Flexible Regional Cooperation or Fragmentation

The tension between the aim of creating sustainable multilateral region-building dynamics and the need to find more differentiated and flexible forms of cooperation has been ever-present in Euro-Mediterranean relations. The proliferation of different and partially overlapping initiatives in recent years ? the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership, the European Neighbourhood Policy and the Union for the Mediterranean ? is a plain expression of this tension. The 2011 episodes of regime-change in the Arab world have once again placed the debate about differentiation in EU?s relations with Southern and Eastern Mediterranean Countries at the top of the Union?s foreign policy agenda.

This book contributes to theoretical and practical debates on whether differentiation processes can aid or hinder policy convergence processes and region-building efforts more widely. The contributions to this collection assess the actual significance and consequences of differentiation in Euro-Mediterranean relations through sector-specific in-depth analyses, covering issue areas as varied as environmental policy, migration, foreign and defence policy, trade, energy, civil protection and democracy promotion. The particular angle and comprehensive analysis of this book will make it of great interest for both scholars and policy makers alike in a moment when Euro-Mediterranean are in need of a thorough rethink.

This book was based on a special issue of Mediterranean Politics.

1. Introduction: Dynamics of Convergence and Differentiation in Euro-Mediterranean Relations: Towards Flexible Region-Building or Fragmentation Esther Barbé and Anna Herranz-Surrallés 2. Convergence on the Fringe: The Environmental Dimension of Euro-Mediterranean Cooperation Oriol Costa 3. Security, Governance and Community beyond the European Union: Exploring Issue-level Dynamics in Euro-Mediterranean Civil Protection Niklas Bremberg 4. What Prospects for the Lifting of Technical Trade Barriers in the Mediterranean? Insights from the Turkish case Frédéric Misrahi 5. Convergence towards Differentiation: The Case of Mediterranean Energy Corridors Gonzalo Escribano 6. Converging, Diverging and Instrumentalizing Security and Defence Policy in the Mediterranean Eduard Soler i Lecha 7. Differentiation and Policy Convergence against Long Odds: Lessons from Implementing EU Migration Policy in Morocco Daniel Wunderlich 8. Conditionality, Differentiation, Regionality and the "New" ENP in the Light of Arab Revolts Tobias Schumacher

Esther Barbé is Professor of International Relations at the Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB) and Coordinator of the Program "Security, Power and Multilateralism in a Global World" of the Institut Barcelona d’Estudis Internacionals (IBEI). She has extensively published on European foreign policy, especially Euro-Mediterranean relations, and on Spanish foreign and European policy.

Anna Herranz-Surrallés is Juan de la Cierva researcher at the Institut Barcelona d’Estudis Internacionals (IBEI). Her research and publications have dealt with EU enlargement and European Neighbourhood Policy, the external dimension of EU’s energy policy, and the parliamentary dimension of European foreign policy.