High-Power Converters and AC Drives (2^nd Ed.)
IEEE Press Series on Power and Energy Systems Series

A comprehensive reference of the latest developments in MV drive technology in the area of power converter topologies

This new edition reflects the recent technological advancements in the MV drive industry, such as advanced multilevel converters and drive configurations. It includes three new chapters, Control of Synchronous Motor Drives, Transformerless MV Drives, and Matrix Converter Fed Drives.  In addition, there are extensively revised chapters on Multilevel Voltage Source Inverters and Voltage Source Inverter-Fed Drives. This book includes a systematic analysis on a variety of high-power multilevel converters, illustrates important concepts with simulations and experiments, introduces various megawatt drives produced by world leading drive manufacturers, and addresses practical problems and their mitigations methods. This new edition: 

• Provides an in-depth discussion and analysis of various control schemes for the MV synchronous motor drives
• Examines new technologies developed to eliminate the isolation transformer in the MV drives
• Discusses the operating principle and modulation schemes of matrix converter (MC) topology and multi-module cascaded matrix converters (CMCs) for MV drives, and their application in commercial MV drives

Bin Wu is a Professor and Senior NSERC/Rockwell Automation Industrial Research Chair in Power Electronics and Electric Drives at Ryerson University, Canada. He is a fellow of Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), Engineering Institute of Canada (EIC), and Canadian Academy of Engineering (CAE). Dr. Wu has published more than 400 papers and holds more than 30 granted/pending US/European patents. He co-authored several books including Power Conversion and Control of Wind Energy Systems and Model Predictive Control of Wind Energy Conversion Systems (both by Wiley-IEEE Press).

Mehdi Narimani is a Postdoctoral Research Associate with the Department of Electrical and computer Engineering at Ryerson University, Canada, and Rockwell Automation Canada. He is a senior member of IEEE. Dr. Narimani is author/co-author of more than 50 technical papers and four US/European patents (issued/pending review). His current research interests include power conversion, high power converters, control of power electronics, and renewable energy systems.

Preface and Acknowledgments xvii

List of Abbreviations xix

Part One Introduction 1

1. Introduction 3

1.1 Overview of High-Power Drives 3

1.2 Technical Requirements and Challenges 5

1.3 Converter Configurations 8

1.4 Industrial MV Drives 11

1.5 Summary 14

References 15

Appendix 16

2. High-Power Semiconductor Devices 17

2.1 Introduction 17

2.2 High-Power Switching Devices 18

2.3 Operation of Series Connected Devices 29

2.4 Summary 32

References 33

Part Two Multipulse Diode and SCR Rectifiers 35

3. Multipulse Diode Rectifiers 37

3.1 Introduction 37

3.2 Six-Pulse Diode Rectifier 38

3.3 Series-Type Multipulse Diode Rectifiers 47

3.4 Separate-Type Multipulse Diode Rectifiers 57

3.5 Summary 62

References 63

4. Multipulse SCR Rectifiers 65

4.1 Introduction 65

4.2 Six-Pulse SCR Rectifier 65

4.3 12-Pulse SCR Rectifier 74

4.4 18- and 24-Pulse SCR Rectifiers 79

4.5 Summary 80

References 81

5. Phase-Shifting Transformers 83

5.1 Introduction 83

5.2 Y/Z Phase-Shifting Transformers 83

5.3 Δ/Z Transformers 86

5.4 Harmonic Current Cancellation 89

5.5 Summary 92

Part Three Multilevel Voltage Source Converters 93

6. Two-Level Voltage Source Inverter 95

6.1 Introduction 95

6.2 Sinusoidal PWM 95

6.3 Space Vector Modulation 101

6.4 Summary 116

References 117

7. Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel Inverters 119

7.1 Introduction 119

7.2 H-Bridge Inverter 120

7.3 Multilevel Inverter Topologies 124

7.4 Carrier-Based PWM Schemes 128

7.5 Staircase Modulation 138

7.6 Summary 140

References 140

8. Diode-Clamped Multilevel Inverters 143

8.1 Introduction 143

8.2 Three-Level Inverter 143

8.3 Space Vector Modulation 148

8.4 Neutral-Point Voltage Control 165

8.5 Carrier-Based PWM Scheme and Neutral-Point Voltage Control 167

8.6 Other Space Vector Modulation Algorithms 169

8.7 High-Level Diode-Clamped Inverters 170

8.8 NPC/H-Bridge Inverter 174

8.9 Summary 180

References 180

Appendix 182

9. Other Multilevel Voltage Source Inverters 185

9.1 Introduction 185

9.2 Multilevel Flying-Capacitor Inverter 185

9.3 Active Neutral-Point Clamped Inverter 188

9.4 Neutral-Point Piloted Inverter 197

9.5 Nested Neutral-Point Clamped Inverter 200

9.6 Modular Multilevel Converter 209

9.7 Summary 222

References 222

Part Four PWM Current Source Converters 225

10. PWM Current Source Inverters 227

10.1 Introduction 227

10.2 PWM Current Source Inverter 228

10.3 Space Vector Modulation 237

10.4 Parallel Current Source Inverters 247

10.5 Load-Commutated Inverter (LCI) 253

10.6 Summary 254

References 255

Appendix 256

11. PWM Current Source Rectifiers 257

11.1 Introduction 257

11.2 Single-Bridge Current Source Rectifier 257

11.3 Dual-Bridge Current Source Rectifier 265

11.4 Power Factor Control 269

11.5 Active Damping Control 275

11.6 Summary 283

References 284

Appendix 285

Part Five High-Power AC Drives 287

12. Voltage Source Inverter Fed Drives 289

12.1 Introduction 289

12.2 Two-Level VSI-Based MV Drives 289

12.3 Neutral Point Clamped (NPC) Inverter Fed Drives 293

12.4 Multilevel Cascaded H-Bridge (CHB) Inverter Fed Drives 298

12.5 NPC/H-Bridge Inverter Fed Drives 302

12.6 ANPC Inverter Fed Drive 303

12.7 MMC Inverter Fed Drive 305

12.8 10 KV-Class Drives with Multilevel Converters 306

12.9 Summary 307

References 307

13. Current Source Inverter Fed Drives 309

13.1 Introduction 309

13.2 CSI Drives with PWM Rectifiers 309

13.3 Transformerless CSI Drive for Standard AC Motors 315

13.4 CSI Drive with Multipulse SCR Rectifier 316

13.5 LCI Drives for Synchronous Motors 318

13.6 Summary 320

References 320

14. Control of Induction Motor Drives 321

14.1 Introduction 321

14.2 Reference Frame Transformation 322

14.3 Induction Motor Dynamic Models 325

14.4 Principle of Field Oriented Control (FOC) 332

14.5 Direct Field Oriented Control 335

14.6 Indirect Field Oriented Control 339

14.7 FOC for CSI Fed Drives 341

14.8 Direct Torque Control 344

14.9 Summary 351

References 351

15. Control of Synchronous Motor Drives 353

15.1 Introduction 353

15.2 Modeling of Synchronous Motor 353

15.3 VSC FED SM Drive with Zero d-Axis Current (ZDC) Control 360

15.4 VSC FED SM Drive with MTPA Control 367

15.5 VSC FED SM Drive with DTC Scheme 372

15.6 Control of CSC FED SM Drives 381

15.7 Summary 390

References 390

Appendix 391

Part Six Special Topics on MV Drives 393

16. Matrix Converter Fed MV Drives 395

16.1 Introduction 395

16.2 Classic Matrix Converter (MC) 396

16.3 Three-Module Matrix Converter 401

16.4 Multi-Module Cascaded Matrix Converter (CMC) 408

16.5 Multi-Module CMC Fed MV Drive 413

16.6 Summary 415

References 415

17. Transformerless MV Drives 417

17.1 Introduction 417

17.2 Common-Mode Voltage Issues and Conventional Solution 418

17.3 CM Voltage Reduction in Multilevel VSC 422

17.4 Transformerless Drives with Multilevel VSC 434

17.5 Transformerless CSI Fed Drives 440

17.6 Summary 444

References 445

Index 447

Bin Wu is a Professor and Senior NSERC/Rockwell Automation Industrial Research Chair in Power Electronics and Electric Drives at Ryerson University, Canada. He is a fellow of Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), Engineering Institute of Canada (EIC), and Canadian Academy of Engineering (CAE). Dr. Wu has published more than 400 papers and holds more than 30 granted/pending US/European patents. He co-authored several books including Power Conversion and Control of Wind Energy Systems and Model Predictive Control of Wind Energy Conversion Systems (both by Wiley-IEEE Press).

Mehdi Narimani is an Assistant Professor at the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at McMaster University, Canada. He is a senior member of IEEE. Dr. Narimani has published more than 55 journal and conference proceeding papers, and holds more than four issued/pending US/European patents. His current research interests include power conversion, high–power converters, control of power electronics, and renewable energy systems.